- ventricles contract (systole) - atria relax (diastole)

- 75 heart beats per minute (average) - 1 heart beat= 1 cardiac cycle - each cycle is about 0.08 sec= divided into 0.1 + 0.3 + 0.4 sec

- presurre drops - semilunar valves close - takes 0.05 sec - is isovolumetric relaxation

- thin layer of fibrous connective tissue - lines heart muscle and heart valves

- two atrioventricular valves (tricuspid and bicuspid/mitral) - two semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonary)

Chapter 18 Flashcards by Karla Villarreal

enclosed and held by pericardium

heart covering

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

sinoatrial node (SA node)

mass of cells in right atrium opening the superior vena cava
sents impluses to artial muscles for atrial contractions
stimulates AV node
SA is pace maker

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

final 0.4 sec

all chamber relax

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

next 0.3 sec

ventricles contract (systole)
atria relax (diastole)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the — that is divided into — to deliver oxygenated blood to major organs

aorta; major arteries

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

right coronary is divided into

posterior interventricular branch and marginal branch

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

from the upper body

superior vena cava
* deoxygenated blood only

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

timing

75 heart beats per minute (average)
1 heart beat= 1 cardiac cycle
each cycle is about 0.08 sec= divided into 0.1 + 0.3 + 0.4 sec

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

aortic semilunar valve

located between the left ventricle and aorta
3 flaps
attached to wall of aorta
open inside the aorta
oxygenated blood flow in one direction only

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

comb like muscle projections on the inner wall of the
atria that provide rigidity to the atrial wall

pectinate muscles

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

left coronary is divided into

anterior interventricular branch and circumflex branch

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

pulmonary trunk is divided into – and —— that delivers blood to the – and — for oxygentation

left and right pulmonary arteries; left and righ lungs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ventricular diastole

presurre drops
semilunar valves close
takes 0.05 sec
is isovolumetric relaxation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

leads to heart block and cardiac arrest

hyperkalemia (high blood potassium level)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

pericardium has 2 parts

fibrous pericardium
serous pericardium

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

right atrium then delivers deoxygenated blood to the –

right ventricle

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

thicker than the atrial wall

ventricular wall

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

is an oval depression on the septal wall of the right atrium

fossa ovalis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

is created when the atrioventricular valves close

lubb

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

endocardium

thin layer of fibrous connective tissue
lines heart muscle and heart valves

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

two atria are separated by ____

interatrial septum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

that supply blood to the wall
of the left ventricle

anterior interventricular branch

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

valves of the heart

two atrioventricular valves (tricuspid and bicuspid/mitral)
two semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonary)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

right atrium recieves deoxygenated blood through

superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
coronary sinus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ventricles receive atrial blood

ventriclar filling

reduced ionic calcium depresses the heart

hypocalcemia

right ventricle delivers deoxygenated blood to the--

pulmonary trunk

that supply blood to the wall of the right ventricle

posterior interventricular branch

dramatically increases heart irritability and leads to convulsive contractions

hypercalcemia

entire heart muscle behave as a single unit

functional syncytium

two ventricle are separated by ____

interventrucular septum

deoxygenated blood is collected by --

coronary sinus

heart wall two layers of tissue

- myocardium - endocardium

that drains posterior part of the heart wall

middle cardiac vein

is the phase of relaxation

diastole

is an opening in the interatrial septum of the fetal heart – that corresponds to the site of fossa ovalis

foramen ovale

the space between the parietal and visceral layers; contains pericardial fluid

pericardial cavity * serous pericardium

irregular muscular columns projected from the inner surface of the right ventricle of the heart

trabeculae carneae

is the phase of contraction

systole

heart sound

- lubb and dupp - lubb is louder and longer than the dupp

heart rate less than 60 beats/min

bradycardia

finger like muscle projections inside the ventricles

papillary muscles

oxygenated blood from the lungs is delivered to the left atrium through

pulmonary veins

thicker than the right ventricular wall

left ventricular wall

pumonary semilunar valve

- located between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk - 3 flaps - attached to wall of pulmonary trunk - open inside pulmonary trunk - deoxygenated blood flow in one direction only

blocks heart contraction by inhibiting calcium ion transport

hypernatremia (high blood sodium level)

impluses are sent by a bundle of nerve fibers called the ---

bundle of his (atrioventricular bundle)

oxgenated blood is supplied by --- and ---

right and left coronary arteries

from heart muscles

coronary sinus * deoxygenated blood from heart

tricuspid valve

- 3 flaps - valves are connected to the papillary muscles of the right ventricle by chordae tendineae (fibrous tissue)

myocardium

- cardiac muscle - many layers, involuntary

from the lower body

inferior vena cava * deoxygenated blood only

heart muscle are stimulated by nerves

self-excitable

outer thicker layer if fibrous tissue

fibrous pericardium

serous pericardium

- divided into parietal (outer) and visceral (inner) layers

first 0.1 sec

- atria contract (systole) - ventricle relax (diastole)

that supply blood to the wall of the left atrium and left ventricle

circumflex branch

that the anterior part of the heart wall

great cardiac vein

that supply blood to the wall of the right ventricle

marginal branch

heart rate over 100 beats/min

tachycardia

biscuspid valve

- also known as mitral valve - 2 flaps - valves are connected to the papillary muscles of the left ventricle by chordae tendineae

is created when the semilunar valves close

dubb

pathway of blood through the heart and lungs

right atrium → tricuspid valve → right ventricle → pulmonary semulunar valve → pulmonary arteries → lungs → pulmonary veins → left artium → bicuspid valve → left ventricle → aortic semilunar valve → aorta → systemic circulation

ventricular systole

- atrioventricular valves close - ventricles contract - first 0.05 sec is isovolmetic contraction period - semilunar valves open up; ejection period (0.25 sec) - ventricles pump 1/2 blood content= stroke volume

is the systole and diastole of the atria and the ventricles

complete cardiac cycle

heart has 4 chambers

right atrium (superior), left atrium (superior), right ventricle (inferior), and left ventricle (inferior)

atrial systole

- 70% artial blood flow to ventricles when artioventricular valves are open - 30% artial blood flow under atrial contraction