Chapter 18 Part II

Question 1

_____ may be normal, multiple, 1-4 cm filled with serous fluid that may enlarge –> rupture

Answer 1

ovarian cysts

Question 2

multiple cystic follicles in which ovaries are 2x size and produce EXCESSIVE androgen

Answer 2

polycystic ovarian disease

Question 3

8th MC cancer in US women and 5th MC cause of CA-related death

Answer 3

ovarian neoplasia

Question 4

prolonged oral contraceptives _____ risk for ovarian neoplasia

Answer 4

DECREASES

Question 5

90% of all ovarian CA are _____ tumors; can be benign or malignant, repeated ovulation/scarring –> metaplasia

Answer 5

surface epithelial tumors

Question 6

surface epithelial tumors are usually _____ grade, ____ invasion

Answer 6

low grade

limited invasion

Question 7

3 most important ovarian tumors

Answer 7

teratoma
serous tumors
endometrial tumors

Question 8

teratomas usually occur ______ in life

Answer 8

early

Question 9

MC type of surface epithelial tumor; ___ % are benign from ages 30-40; represents ___ % of ALL OVARIAN CA

Answer 9

serous tumors
60%
60%

Question 10

95% of all serous tumors have _____ mutation

Answer 10

TP53

Question 11

surface epithelial tumor associated with endometriosis & endometrial CA
*MC MALIGNANT**

Answer 11

endometrioid tumors

Question 12

MC type of placental infection/inflammation

Answer 12

ascending infections

Question 13

bacterial, premature rupture of membranes, neutrophils

mycoplasma, candida, vaginal flora

Answer 13

ascending infections

Question 14

disease of pregnancy with placental villitis

Answer 14

transplacental infection/inflammation

Question 15

nemonic for transplacental infection/inflammation

Answer 15

TORCH
toxoplasmosis
other
rubella virus
CMV
HSV
(also associated with TB, syphilis, HIV, HBV, P. falciparum- malaria)

Question 16

non-uterine implantation (1%)

Answer 16

ectopic pregnancy

Question 17

ectopic pregnancies are MC on ________, 90%

Answer 17

fallopian tube

Question 18

3 types of gestational trophoblastic disease

Answer 18

hydatidiform mole
invasive mole
choriocarcinoma

Question 19

swollen chronic villi, abnormal fertilization, 1.5:1000 pregrenancies, BENIGN, large, cystic, grape-like structure
2 sperm implant on wall

Answer 19

hydatidiform mole

Question 20

gestational trophoblastic disease that is BENIGN, invasive, NO metastasis – usually regressives

Answer 20

invasive mole

Question 21

gestational trophoblastic disease that is aggressive malignancy of gestational chorionic epithelium, hemorrhagic, discovered late
*extreme hCG & uterine bleeding
chemotherapy = 100% cure

Answer 21

choriocarcinoma

Question 22

gestational trophoblastic disease that may met to lungs; similar appearance to testicular choriocarcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, prostatic adenocarcinoma

Answer 22

choriocarcinoma

Question 23

_______ metastasis is term for findings on x-ray with CHORIOCARCINOMAS

Answer 23

cannon ball metastasis

Question 24

disorder of pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure and a large amount of protein in the urine
usually IDIOPATHIC
3rd trimester
anti-angiogenesis: limits maternal blood –> placenta

Answer 24

preeclampsia

Question 25

if _____ is untreated, it leads to ______; symptoms are seizures, coma (toxemia of pregnancy) *maternal end-organ failure*

Answer 25

preeclampsia | eclampsia

Question 26

10% of eclampsia has symptoms of mnemonic

Answer 26

HELLP HEMOLYSIS increase ENZYMES in LIVER LOW PLATELES

Question 27

consequences of eclampsia

Answer 27

hypercoagulability, renal dysfunction

Question 28

3 breast lesions with minor abnormalities

Answer 28

supernumerary nipples inverted nipple galactocele

Question 29

inverted nipple is MC ______ ; if _____ usually means metastasis or inflammation

Answer 29

congenital | acquired

Question 30

ductal obstruction during LACTATION --> inflammation & cyst formation

Answer 30

galactocele

Question 31

breast lesions are MC in ______ and MC _______; usually palpable and painful (painful means more likely to be benign)

Answer 31

females | benign

Question 32

supernumerary nipples usually develop on " _____" aka "embryonic ridge"

Answer 32

milk line