Chapter 11 Part IV

Question 1

increase concentration of RBCs, usually due to increase in hemoglobin

Answer 1

polycythemia

Question 2

_____ polycythemia is derived from DEHYDRATION; vomiting, diarrhea, burns or diuretics

Answer 2

relative

Question 3

_____ polycythemia is from increase in total RBC mass

Answer 3

absolute

Question 4

polycythemia in which proliferation of myeloid stem cells; clonal, neoplastic –> cancer, NO increase in EPO

Answer 4

primary absolute polycythemia

Question 5

polycythemia in which excessive proliferation stems from elevated levels of erythropoietin

Answer 5

secondary absolute polycythemia

Question 6

____ represent 1% of total blood volume and are produced in MARROW, STEM CELLS

Answer 6

leukocytes (WBC)

Question 7

WBCs lifespan is ___

Answer 7

4 days

Question 8

increase in WBC; can be caused by inflammation/infxn, leukemia, lymphoma

Answer 8

leukocytosis

Question 9

decrease in WBCs; can be caused by AIDS, corticosteroids

Answer 9

leukopenia

Question 10

MC type of granulocyte

Answer 10

neutrophil

Question 11

(2) categories of leukocytes

Answer 11

granulocytes

agranulocytes

Question 12

granulocyte that arrives first is _____, 5-lobes, then _____ arrive, last type of granulocyte to arrive is _______

Answer 12

neutrophil
eosinophil
basophil

Question 13

granulocyte that prevents excessive clots (heparin)

Answer 13

basophil

Question 14

granulocyte that is used for allergies, parasites and has 2 lobes

Answer 14

eosinophil

Question 15

agranulocyte that turns into macrophage

Answer 15

monocyte

Question 16

granulocyte that is present in tumors, nuclei occupies most of cell

Answer 16

lymphocyte (T cells, B cells, NK cells)

Question 17

(2) categories of disorders of leukocytes

Answer 17

reactive

neoplastic

Question 18

category of leukocyte disorder that is a response to an underlying disease MICROBIAL INFXN is MC

Answer 18

reactive

Question 19

____ aka non-neoplastic disorders of WBCs

Answer 19

reactive

Question 20

category of leukocyte disorder that is ominous, 9% of adult CA-related death, 40% of childhood CA-related death

Answer 20

neoplastic

Question 21

non-neoplastic disorder of WBC that is a reduction in granulocytes (neutrophils) is called _______; when really severe, it is called ______

Answer 21

neutropenia

agranulocytosis

Question 22

neutropenia can either be categorized as DECREASED _____ or INCREASED ____

Answer 22

decreased production

increased destruction

Question 23

symptoms include bone marrow failure, metastasis, infix, autoimmune injury, granulomas, ADRs, chemotherapy

infection risk- bacterial or fungal

Answer 23

neutropenia

Question 24

non-neoplastic disorder that caused by EBV, (HHV-4)

Answer 24

infectious mononucleus

Question 25

symptoms of mono

Answer 25

``` pharyngitis fever generalized lymphadenitis splenomegaly hepatitis ```

Question 26

reactive lymphocytosis is ________ cells/uL in mono

Answer 26

12,000-18,000

Question 27

in _____ countries, mono infxn occurs in CHILDHOOD and is MC _______

Answer 27

developing | asymptomatic

Question 28

in _____ countries, mono infxn is delayed until ______ and is MC _______

Answer 28

adolescence | symptomatic

Question 29

__% of people exposed to MONO succumb to infxn; 20-50% carriers shed the virus, MC with _____

Answer 29

50% | saliva

Question 30

non-neoplastic disorder that is an increase in the number of WBCs in the blood that common in a variety of inflammatory states caused by microbial and nonmicrobial stimuli

Answer 30

reactive lymphadenitis

Question 31

MC bacterial infix classified as a reactive lymphadenitis

Answer 31

cat-scratch disease

Question 32

bacterial infxn in cat scratch disease is _______; 90% affect _____ in the ___ or _____ area

Answer 32

bartonella henselae kids cervical axillary

Question 33

non-hodgkin lymphomas Hodgkin lymphomas Plasma cell neoplasia

Answer 33

lymphoid neoplasms

Question 34

acute myelogenous leukemia myelodysplastic syndromes chronic myeloproliferative disorders

Answer 34

myeloid neoplasms

Question 35

macrophages and dendritic cells

Answer 35

histiocytic neoplasms

Question 36

cancer that develops from _____ neoplasms arise from SINGLE CELL aka _____

Answer 36

lymphoid | clonal

Question 37

lymphoid neoplasm that involves marrow or blood

Answer 37

leukemia

Question 38

lymphoid neoplasm that involves lymphatic tissues

Answer 38

lymphoma

Question 39

marrow suppression, anemia are the MC symptoms for this leukemia that is a sudden/stormy onset

Answer 39

acute leukemia

Question 40

only type of leukemia that involves B cells and T cells and is the MC type of cancer found in KIDS

Answer 40

acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Question 41

acute lymphoblastic leukemia is MC diagnosed at age ____ and accounts for ____% of all pediatric CA; _____ cell tumors are MC in the marrow/peripheral blood

Answer 41

4 y.o 80% pre b-cell

Question 42

____ cell tumors develop in thymus in ALL and ____ cell tumors develop in marrow/peripheral (MC)

Answer 42

pre-T cell | pre-B cell

Question 43

MC cancer of adulthood that develops from B cells and is initially asymptomatic with gradual progression

Answer 43

chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

Question 44

chronic lymphocytic leukemia involves _______ lymphocytes and involves _____, which differentiates it from _______, which has ______ lymphocytes and involves NODES

Answer 44

> 4000 blood small lymphocytic lymphoma

Question 45

in CLL, tumor cells displace marrow called _______; there is immune dysregulation: suppressed B cells and if aggressive progression, it resembles ________

Answer 45

pancytopenia | diffuse large B cell lymphoma

Question 46

immunoglobulin function is usually problematic with CLL, which is called

Answer 46

hypogammaglobulinemia