Chapter 17 Part I

Question 1

opening of urethra is on VENTRAL side of penis

MOST COMMON

Answer 1

hypospadias

Question 2

opening of urethra is on dorsal side of penis

Answer 2

epispadias

Question 3

inflammation of glans penis

Answer 3

balanitis

Question 4

inflammation of prepuce

Answer 4

balanoposthitis

Question 5

inability to retract prepuce (scarring)

secondary to inflammation of prepuce

Answer 5

phimosis

Question 6

MC type of phimosis

Answer 6

acquired

Question 7

MC CONGENITAL abnormality of male genitalia

Answer 7

hypospadias

Question 8

entrapment of a retracted foreskin behind coronal sulcus

Answer 8

paraphimosis

Question 9

95% of penile neoplasms are ________

Answer 9

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 10

2 categories of penile neoplasms

Answer 10

SCC in situ

invasive SCC

Question 11

category of penile neoplasm that is AKA bowen disease

Answer 11

SCC in situ

Question 12

solitary neoplasm on shaft with more favorable prognosis (65% 5-year survival, 10% progress)

Answer 12

SCC in situ

Question 13

neoplasm that is grey, crusted, raised lesion on the glans or prepuce

• hardening, ulceration and irregular margins
• LESS favorable prognosis

Answer 13

invasive SCC

Question 14

(2) causes of inflammation of scrotum

Answer 14

fungal infxn

dermatoses

Question 15

MC cause of scrotal enlargement that is INCREASE in serous fluid in TUNICA VAGINALIS

Answer 15

hydrocele

Question 16

severe infectious enlargement of scrotal sac that is caused by filarioidea spp. (roundworms)

Answer 16

filariasis (elephantiasis)

Question 17

failure of testicle to descend that normally occurs in last 2 months gestation

Answer 17

cryptorchidism

Question 18

MC cause of cryptorchidism

Answer 18

idiopathic

Question 19

if unresolved, cryptorchidism will lead to testicular _____ by 5-6 y.o. –> ______

Answer 19

atrophy

sterility

Question 20

cryptorchidism has increased risk of testicular CA by ____%

Answer 20

3-5 %

Question 21

inflammation of epididymis, MC unilateral

Answer 21

epididymitis

Question 22

inflammation of testis

Answer 22

orchitis

Question 23

orchitis usually begins as a _____ and spreads vis vas deferens or lymphatics

Answer 23

UTI

Question 24

infxn may lead to orchitis, mainly _____ virus –> 20% orchitis or ____

Answer 24

mumps

TB - caseous granulomas

Question 25

spermatic cord twisting that obstructs venous drainage with engorgement and *acute pain*

Answer 25

testicular torsion

Question 26

MC age for testicular torsion is _____ and called a _______ deformity

Answer 26

12-18 y.o. | bell-clapper deformity

Question 27

when testicle is NOT adhered to scrotum and testicle is much more mobile

Answer 27

bell-clapper deformity

Question 28

(2) demographics for testicular torsion

Answer 28

adult = MC | neonatal

Question 29

if testicular torsion isn't addressed within ____ hours, it will cause _____

Answer 29

6 hours | sterility

Question 30

enlargement of pampiniform venous plexus in scrotum

Answer 30

varicocele

Question 31

testicular neoplasia MC affects ______ y.o. and is the MC ______ in this group

Answer 31

15-34 y.o. | cancer

Question 32

``` risks for ________ include: cryptorchidism (10% of cases) family hx Caucasians CA in contralateral testicle gonodal dysgenesis or androgen sensitivity ```

Answer 32

testicular neoplasia

Question 33

(2) categories of testicular neoplasia

Answer 33

sex-cord stromal tumors | germ cell tumors

Question 34

benign testicular neoplasia from SERTOLI and LEYDIG cells

Answer 34

sex-cord stromal tumors

Question 35

malignant testicular neoplasia that represents 95% of POSTPUBERTAL TESTICULAR TUMORS

Answer 35

germ cell tumors

Question 36

______ are from INTRATUBULAR germ cell neoplasia (in situ)

Answer 36

germ cell tumors

Question 37

(2) types of GCT

Answer 37

seminomas | nonseminomatous GCTs

Question 38

type of nonseminomatous GCT that's tumor marker has 90% of patients with elevated AFP

Answer 38

yolk sac tumor

Question 39

type of nonseminomatous GCT that's tumor marker has 100% of patients with elevated hCG

Answer 39

choriocarcinoma

Question 40

50% of all GCTs are ______, usually occur btwn age ____ with favorable prognosis, 10% have increase in ____

Answer 40

seminomas 40-50 hCG

Question 41

lesions are soft, WELL-DEMARCATED, gray/white and cells are large, UNIFORM, ROUND NUCLEI, lymphocytes **well-contained, RADIOSENSITIVE**

Answer 41

seminomas

Question 42

2 most aggressive forms of nonseminomatous GCTs

Answer 42

embryonal carcinoma | choriocarcinoma

Question 43

nonseminomatous GCTs that are invasive, anaplastic, indistinct cell borders, age 20-30, NO tumor marker

Answer 43

embryonal carcinoma

Question 44

nonseminomatous GCT that is large, age 3, anapestic, AFP, favorable prognosis

Answer 44

yolk sac tumor

Question 45

nonseminomatous GCT that is a small mass, age 20-30, increase hCG

Answer 45

choriocarcinoma

Question 46

nonseminomatous GCT that is a firm mass, all 3 germ layers, all ages

Answer 46

teratoma

Question 47

nonseminomatous GCTS met via ____ &_____ to the LIVER and LUNGS, _____ to be palpable

Answer 47

lymphatic & hematogenous | less likely

Question 48

general features of testicular CA are that it is _______ mass, ______, blood in semen, dull ache

Answer 48

PAINLESS mass | non-transient (does NOT glow)