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Microbiology > Chapter 19 > Flashcards

Chapter 19 Flashcards

1
Q

The skin is an effective barrier against invading microbes because

A

the outer layers are dead and covered in salt

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2
Q

Normal skin microbiota are able to grow on the skin because they can thrive in the presence of

A

sebum and salt

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3
Q

An infection of a hair follicle at the base of an eyelid is called a

A

sty

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4
Q

The ________ are Gram-positive pleomorphic bacteria commonly found on the skin.

A

diphtheroids

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5
Q

Virulent strains of Staphylococcus aureus can resist penicillin because they produce

A

beta-lactamase

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6
Q

Which of the following is a complication that may result from a Streptococcus pyogenes skin infection?

A

erysipelas

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7
Q

Impetigo can be caused by

A

both Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes.

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8
Q

Necrotizing fasciitis is caused by

A

Streptococcus pyogenes.

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9
Q

A specific wavelength of UVA can be used to treat

A

acne

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10
Q

Localized swelling of a scratch accompanied by fever, malaise, and swollen lymph nodes may result from infection with

A

Bartonella henselae

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11
Q

Anthrax derives its name from which of the following aspects of the disease?

A

the appearance of eschars on the skin

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12
Q

The resistance of Pseudomonas to a wide variety of antimicrobial drugs is due, in part, to its

A

ability to pump drugs out of the cell

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13
Q

A petechial rash starting on the hands and feet and spreading to the torso is characteristic of

A

RMSF

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14
Q

Rickettsias require ________, readily available inside cells, for energy production.

A

amino acids

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15
Q

What is the pathogenic process underlying Rocky Mountain spotted fever?

A

damage to blood vessels

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16
Q

Infection known as ________ frequently begins as an injury that rapidly becomes red, swollen, hot to the touch, and intensely painful

A

necrotizing fascitis

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17
Q

Smallpox was the first human disease to be

A

globally eradicated

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18
Q

Spreading black necrosis, swelling, pain and froth or bubbles are characteristic of

A

gas gangrene

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19
Q

A herpetic lesion on the finger or hand is known as a

A

whitlow

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20
Q

Shingles, or herpes zoster, is a reactivation of the virus that causes

A

chickenpox

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21
Q

Common skin warts are the result of infection with

A

papillomaviruses

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22
Q

Some strains of Papillomavirus are oncogenic due to their ability to

A

integrate into the host cell DNA

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23
Q

A reddening of the skin of the face that intensifies when exposed to the sun is characteristic of

A

erythema infectiosum

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24
Q

Which of the following can cause birth defects?

A

rubella

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25
Q

A rash characterized by macules which swell, fill with fluid and then pus, then rupture and become crusty lesions, is characteristic of

A

poxvirus infection

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26
Q

Which of the following is becoming rarer as a result of childhood vaccinations?

A

subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

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27
Q

“Ringworm” is caused by

A

dermatophytes growing in the upper dead tissue layers of the skin.

28
Q

Which of the following is a basidiomycete responsible for superficial infections?

A

Malassezia furfur

29
Q

A series of nodular lesions on an arm that fill with pus and ulcerate through the skin is characteristic of infection with the fungus

A

Sporothrix schenckii

30
Q

A man is suffering severe foot pain in the area of what looks like a large wart. He reports he has had the wart for some time, and the pain and swelling have developed slowly. A sample from the lesion shows that the pus contains large cells that stain a golden brown color. The man is likely suffering from

A

chromoblasomycosis

31
Q

A child complains of intensely itchy “pimples” on the hands and wrists. The lesions are small inflamed streaks, but do not appear to contain pus. The child’s condition may be the result of infection with

A

Sarcoptes scabiei.

32
Q

Which of the following forms of leishmaniasis is typically fatal?

A

visceral

33
Q

A small puncture wound on a woman’s arm has become swollen, hot to the touch, and intensely painful. There is tissue necrosis but it is not “gassy,” and under the microscope Gram-positive cocci in chains are present. Which of the following microbes is likely to be responsible?

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

34
Q

A pigment produced by an opportunistic pathogen that contributes to tissue damage is

A

pyocyanin

35
Q

Which of the following is an enzyme which results in Staphylococcus aureus being more invasive than Staphylococcus epidermidis?

A

hyaluronidase

36
Q

Under some circumstances, ________ is beneficial, but under other conditions the bacteria become overabundant leading to inflammation of hair follicles.

A

Propionibacterium acnes

37
Q

The rash described as “teardrops on rose petals” is characteristic of

A

smallpox

38
Q

A child has a rash on the face, arms, upper legs, and torso. It is splotchy and intensifies after being in the sun. The child does not complain of fever or itchiness. The signs and symptoms are consistent with

A

fifth disease

39
Q

A sample from an abscess is stained and examined under the microscope. A Gram stain appears uniformly pink, but a GMS (Gomori methenamine silver) stain reveals brownish filaments in the sample. These findings suggest

A

phaeohyphomycosis

40
Q

The ________ is a layer of tough fibers and fat cells that anchors the skin to the deeper tissues.

A

hypodermis

41
Q

T or F: Clostridium perfringens may cause necrotizing fasciitis.

A

true

42
Q

T or F: M protein is an antiphagocytic factor produced by Streptococcus pyogenes.

A

true

43
Q

T or F: Humans are the only hosts of Rickettsia rickettsii.

A

false

44
Q

T or F: Because they are common soil saprobes, dermatophytes are fungi that are not contagious in humans.

A

false

45
Q

T or F: Chromoblastomycosis is rarely a severe disease and can be treated easily with appropriate drugs.

A

false

46
Q

T or F: Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, also known as kala-azar, is fatal in 100% of untreated cases.

A

false

47
Q

T or F: Smallpox vaccination was originally discontinued in the 1970s in the U.S. because of adverse effects of the vaccine.

A

true

48
Q

T or F: Herpesvirus infections can be controlled with chemotherapeutic agents.

A

true

49
Q

T or F: Roseola is a rare but very dangerous childhood viral infection.

A

false

50
Q

T or F: Pityriasis’ characteristic appearance is the result of a fungal infection causing changes in the production of melanin.

A

true

51
Q

The production of (exotoxin/coagulase/hyaluronidase) enzyme breaks down connections between cells, allowing Streptococcus pyogenes to invade tissue and cause necrotizing fasciitis.

A

hyaluronidase

52
Q

Immunization with (chickenpox/cowpox/HPV) provides protection against smallpox.

A

cowpox

53
Q

Chickenpox and (herpes/shingles/warts) are caused by the same virus.

A

shingles

54
Q

Ringworm is the result of skin infection with (Madurella/Microsporum/Mycobacterium).

A

microsporum

55
Q

An arachnid parasite causes the skin disease known as (leishmaniasis/ringworm/scabies).

A

scabies

56
Q

“Three-day measles” is caused by the (roseola/rubella/rubeola) virus.

A

rubella

57
Q

Fungus infection of the nail is known as tinea (capitus/pedis/unguium).

A

unguium

58
Q

Contact with soil may result in infection with (anthropophilic/geophilic/zoophilic) dermatophytosis.

A

geophilic

59
Q

Infection with (Sporothrix/Staphylococcus/Streptococcus) may result in disease known as scalded skin syndrome.

A

Staphylococcus

60
Q

A (furuncle/pimple/sty) is a type of folliculitis characterized by a large, painful, pus-filled nodule.

A

furuncle

61
Q

The syndrome known as cat scratch disease results when (Bartonella/Pseudomonas/Rickettsia) is introduced into a wound

A

bartonella

62
Q

The presence of Koplik’s spots is sufficient for a diagnosis of (chickenpox/measles/rubella).

A

measles

63
Q

Localization of lesions within a band of skin on one side of the body is a characteristic of the disease (measles/shingles/sporotrichosis).

A

shingles

64
Q

Warts on the sole of the foot are known as (seed/flat/plantar) warts.

A

plantar

65
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common microbe associated with infections of (burn/immunocompromised/elderly) patients.

A

burn

Microbiology (9 decks)

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