Chapter 25 Urinary System And Reproductive System Flashcards
Urinary system functions
Main function is to remove a waste called urea
Closely related to reproductive system
Kidney functions
Regulate blood volume and pressure, erythrocyte count, blood gases, blood pH, and electrolyte and acid base balance
Where are kidneys located
Posterior to the peritoneum
Eric acid
Product of nucleic acid catabolism
Creatinine
Product of creative phosphate catabolism
Urea formation
Proteins → amino acids → NH2 removed → forms ammonia, liver converts to urea
Blood urea nitrogen ( BUN )
Expression of the level of nitrogenous waste in blood
Norman concentration of blood urea is 10-20 mg/dl
Azotemia
Elevated BUN
Indicates renal insufficiency
Uremia
Syndrome of diarrhea, vomiting, dyspnea, and cardiac arrhythmia stemming from the toxicity of nitrogenous waste
Excretion
Secretion of wastes from body fluids and eliminating them
Urinary system excretes many metabolic wastes, toxins, drugs, hormones, salts, H+ and water
Aldosterone
The “sant- retaining “ hormone
When sodium concentration falls or potassium concentration rises
Acts on thick segment of depaon loop, DCT, and cortical portion of collecting duct
Produced by adrenal gland
Atrial natriuretic peptide ( ANP)
Secreted by atrial myocardium of the heart in response to high blood pressure
Its actions result in the excretion of more salt and water in the urine, which reduces blood volume and pressure
ADH
Secreted in response to dehydration and rising blood osmolarity
Action: mane collecting ducts more permeable to water
Reduces urine volume
