Chapter 3

Question 1

Privilege

Answer 1

A set of unearned resources or assets who come to a person as a result of gender, ethnic, class or other groupings into which the person is born

Question 2

Fundamentals of privilege

Answer 2

• Invisible for those who have it, obvious for those who don’t
• Leads to meritocracy
• Minority group often oppressed

Question 3

Entitlement

Answer 3

One’s talent and efforts (merits) justify the available opportunities (privileges)

Question 4

Meritocracy

Answer 4

Good things come to good people, and we have a system that reinforces that

Question 5

Merit

Answer 5

Determined by dominant group, What means you are doing well?

Question 6

Institutional-ism

Answer 6

These term refers not to the prejudice of individuals, but to the negative consequences for non-dominant groups of living and working within a culture designed by and for the dominant group

Question 7

Social construction

Answer 7

Refers to an important contemporary perspective about how we come to “know” the physical and social world around us. –> Relies upon language –> diversity management should assess requirements critically

Question 8

Gender

Answer 8

• Is not sex
• Sex = biological term
• Gender = social understanding of being biological male or female

Question 9

Fundamental Attribution Error

Answer 9

A strong tendency to overestimate the degree to which someone’s behavior results from internal causes and ignore situational factors

Question 10

Actor-Observer Effect

Answer 10

For our own behavior (actor), we focus on external factors but when we see another’s behavior (observer), we focus on internal causes

Question 11

Self-serving biases

Answer 11

Self-attributions about successes or failure that are distorted in ways that protect our self-esteem.

Question 12

Distributed Justice (DJ)

Answer 12

Outcome justice, how rewrds are divided or distributed

Question 13

Equality rule

Answer 13

Increases solidarity while decreasing harmful comparisons among employees, more about people getting the same –> minimal wage

Question 14

Leventhal’s (1980) 6 rules for fair procedures (procedural justice)

Answer 14

• Consistency; procedures the same for everyone
• Bias suppression; procedures objective and not affected by personal self-interest
• Accuracy; information good, complete and error-free
• Correcability; decisions made in error should be reversible
• Representativeness; process should reflect interests of relevant constituencies
• Ethicality; procedures follow accepted moral values

Question 15

Interactional justice

Answer 15

• Informational justice: Adequacy of information or explanations provided about decisions
• Interpersonal justice: The degree to which treatment of those affected is respectful and tactful