Chapter 9

Question 1

Individual / primary sex discrimination

Answer 1

Person you’re engaging with that is discriminating against you

Question 2

Institutional / secondary sex discrimination

Answer 2

Not just one individual that is acting out a discriminating act, but it’s an institution, a structure, rules and norms acted my multiple people of a specific group.

Question 3

Sexism

Answer 3

Refers to prejudicial attitudes based on sex, in a context of power and advantge privileging men

Question 4

Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI)

Answer 4

Hostile sexism: openly expression of negative beliefs and feelings toward women, who are perceived as trying to control men
- Benevolent sexism: Appears kind on the surface, but reflects stereotypic, restricted roles for women

Question 5

Old- fashioned sexism

Answer 5

Consists of agreement with traditional gender roles, stereotypes that women are less competent, and different treatment of the two sexes

Question 6

Modern sexism

Answer 6

Denies the continued existence of sex discrimination, reacts negatively to women’s demands for equality and rejects policies to improve women’s opportunities and status (ignoring the problem)

Question 7

Pay discrimination

Answer 7

Often problematic, we can only challenge these differences if they are actually perceived. Secret rules are often the case that keep people from knowing what other people earn.

Question 8

Hiring and promotion discrimination

Answer 8

Can also happen to men. Some companies don’t want to hire men

Question 9

Pregnancy discrimination

Answer 9

Illegal but can still happen because companies use false reasoning. After your pregnancy, you return and the job description has changed

Question 10

Lactation discrimination

Answer 10

If you are breastfeeding your child, you need the space, time and access for such an environment. This is not possible everywhere (At Uni, everything made of glass)

Question 11

Sexual harrassment

Answer 11

Complex, includes wide variety of issues (verbal comments, touching, pressure, physical aspects)

Question 12

Lack of Fit model (Heilman,1983)

Answer 12

Predicts that gender discrimination will be the most likely when incumbent sex does not fit the job stereotype based on sex of incumbents and nature of job tasks. (female in soldier area or man in nursing profession)