Chapter 3

Question 0

what is precision

Answer 0

upon making repeated measurements, how close the measured values are to each other

Question 1

What is accuracy?

Answer 1

how close the measured value is to the true value

Question 2

Which are you improving when you calibrate an instrument?

Answer 2

accuracy

Question 3

Significant digits are used for what kind of values?

Answer 3

measured

Question 4

What types of numbers do you disregard the sig digs?

Answer 4

counting
conversion factors
constants

Question 5

SI unit for mass

Answer 5

kilogram kg

Question 6

what does second measure

Answer 6

time

Question 7

What does m represent and measure

Answer 7

meter

length

Question 8

si temperature?

Answer 8

kelvin

Question 9

difference between metric and SI

Answer 9

kilogram vs. gram

Question 10

difference between mass and weight?

Answer 10

weight is a force that measures the pull of gravity on a given mass
mass is a measure of the amount of matter that an object contains

Question 11

How to convert celsius and kelvin?

Answer 11

K=C + 273

C=K-273

Question 12

Unit to measure the volume of a solid

Answer 12

centimeter cubed

Question 13

units to measure the volume of a liquid

Answer 13

mL

L

Question 14

conversion factor for volume

Answer 14

1 cm cubed
___________
1mL

Question 15

Anything divided by itself equals

Answer 15

1

Question 16

What are the equations for density?

Answer 16

d=m/v
m=dv
v=m/d

Question 17

what is density

Answer 17

the ratio of the mass of an object to its volume

Question 18

What kind of property is density and why?

Answer 18

intensive - depends on composition not size

Question 19

What happens to the density of a material if the temperature goes up?

Answer 19

density generally decreases

Question 20

what is a measurement

Answer 20

a quantity that has both a number and a unit

Question 21

Why is it important to make correct measurements?

Answer 21

measurements are fundamental to experimental sciences

Question 22

what happens in scientific notation

Answer 22

a given number is written as the product of two numbers: a coefficient and 10 raised to a power

Question 23

What must happen to evaluate the accuracy of a measurement

Answer 23

the measured value must be compared to the correct value

Question 24

what must happen to evaluate precision

Answer 24

you must compare the values of two or more repeated measurements

Question 25

what is the accepted value

Answer 25

the correct value based on reliable references

Question 26

what is the experimental value

Answer 26

the value measured in the lab

Question 27

what is error

Answer 27

the difference between the experimental value and the accepted value

Question 28

formula for error

Answer 28

experimental value - accepted value

Question 29

what is percent error

Answer 29

the absolute value of the error divided by the accepted value multiplied by 100%

Question 30

percent error equation

Answer 30

I error I -------- X100 accepted value

Question 31

what are significant figures

Answer 31

all of the digits that are known, plus a last digit that is estimated

Question 32

why must measurements always be reported to the correct number of significant digits?

Answer 32

calculated answers often depend on the number of significant figures in the values used in the calculation

Question 33

In general, a calculated answer cannot be __________ than the least precise measurement from which it was calculated

Answer 33

more precise

Question 34

5 common SI units

Answer 34

``` meter kilogram kelvin second mole ```

Question 35

SI for amount of substance

Answer 35

mole

Question 36

SI for luminous intensity

Answer 36

candela

Question 37

SI for electric current

Answer 37

ampere

Question 38

mole abbreviation

Answer 38

mol

Question 39

candela abbreviation

Answer 39

cd

Question 40

ampere abbreviation

Answer 40

A

Question 41

what is volume

Answer 41

the space occupied by any sample of matter

Question 42

what is temperature

Answer 42

a measure of how cold or hot an object is

Question 43

what happens with heat

Answer 43

it travels to the lower temperature area

Question 44

kelvin freezing and boiling points

Answer 44

273.15 and 373.15

Question 45

what is absolute zero

Answer 45

zero on Kelvin

Question 46

what is energy

Answer 46

the capacity to do work or to produce heat

Question 47

what are common units of energy

Answer 47

joule and calorie

Question 48

which is si for energy

Answer 48

joule

Question 49

what exactly is a calorie

Answer 49

amount of heat it takes to raise the temperature of 1g of pure water by 1 degree C

Question 50

conversion factor joules to calories

Answer 50

1 J = 0.2390 cal | 1 cal = 4.184 joules

Question 51

what is a conversion factor

Answer 51

a ratio of equivalent measurements

Question 52

measurements in a conversion factor....

Answer 52

the numerator is equal to the denominator

Question 53

when a measurement is multiplied by a conversion factor,

Answer 53

the numerical value generally changes, but the actual size remains the same

Question 54

what is dimensional analysis

Answer 54

a way to analyze and solve problems using the units, or dimensions, of the measurements

Question 55

what are easily solved using dimensional analysis

Answer 55

problems in which a measurement with one unit is converted to an equivalent measurement with another unit