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Pathophsyiology > Chapter 3 Hematopoietic Function > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Hematopoietic Function Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

A common acquired or inherited disorder of the erythrocytes that impairs the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.

A

Anemia

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2
Q

Movement toward or away from a chemical stimulus.

A

Chemotaxis

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3
Q

Is a cellular function, particularly of neutrophils and monocytes, whose phagocytic activity is influenced by chemical factors released by invading microorganisms.

A

Chemotaxis

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4
Q

The passage of white blood cells through the walls of the blood vessels without damage to the vessels.

A

Diapedesis

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5
Q

Red blood cell
4.5 to 6 million per cubic ML of blood
Function to carry oxygen to all body cells with the aid hemoglobin
Disk shape live only 80-120 days

A

Erythrocytes

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6
Q

A laboratory expression of how much of the blood volume is being occupied by the erythrocytes

Refers to how much of the blood volume consists of erythrocytes

A

Hematocrit

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7
Q

A measure of the packed cell volume of red cells, normal range for men is ________ and women ______.

A

43 - 49 % men

37 - 43 % women

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8
Q

The process of blood formation; it occurs primarily in the bone marrow.

A

Hematopoiesis

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9
Q

Part of an erythrocyte, it binds to oxygen giving blood it’s red color.

A

Hemoglobin

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10
Q

A complex protein iron compound in the blood that carries oxygen to the cells from the lungs and carbon dioxide away from the cells to the lungs.

Is a special protein, combination with oxygen and the mineral iron. It is a pigment, when combined with oxygen gives blood it’s bright color

A

Hemoglobin

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11
Q

In an atmosphere of high oxygen concentration, such as in the lungs, hemoglobin binds with oxygen to form

A

Oxyhemoglobin

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12
Q

In an atmosphere of low oxygen concentration, such as in the peripheral tissues of the body, oxygen is replaced by carbon dioxide in the lungs and picks up oxygen from transport to the cells.

A

Carboxyhemoglobin

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13
Q

Excessive destruction of erythrocytes that causes hemolytic anemia

A

Hemolysis

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14
Q

Dilution of the blood by intravenous administration of excessive hypotonic solutions, which causes progressive swelling and eventual rupture of erythrocyte, also results in

A

Hemolysis

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15
Q

White blood cell

A

Leuckocyte

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16
Q

Increased white blood cell level, it can indicate an active infectious process.

A

Leukocytosis

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17
Q

An insufficient number of circulating neutrophils

A

Neutropenia

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18
Q

An infection fighting agent

A

Neutrophils

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19
Q

A lack of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes

A

Pancytopenia

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20
Q

The process by which certain cells engulf and destroy microorganisms and cellular debris

A

Phagocytosis

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21
Q

5 step process to phagocytosis

A

Invagination
Engulfment
Internalization and formation of the phagocyte vacuole
Fusing of lysozymes to digest the material
Release of digested microbial products

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22
Q

Liquid portion of the blood, primarily composed of protein
Watery light yellow fluid part of the lymph
RBCs, WBCs, and platelets are suspended in it
Made of water, electrolytes, proteins, glucose, fats, bilirubin, and gases.

A

Plasma

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23
Q

Most people are exposed to the virus as children and because of the exposure, they develop immunity to the virus and do not ever develop

A

Infectious mononucleosis

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24
Q

Increased blood platelet levels; a condition that increases the risk of thrombus blood clot formation.

A

Thrombocytosis

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25
Is the yellowish liquid portion of the blood that makes the largest component of the blood
Plasma
26
Are the white blood cells that fight infections
Leukocytes
27
Are red blood cells; they carry oxygen to the tissues and transport carbon dioxide out of the tissues
Erythrocytes
28
Very small cell fragments, live only 5-9 days Produced in bone marrow Necessary for blood clotting coagulation Normal range 150,000 to 450,000
Thrombocytes
29
Normal range of adult values for the blood cells
RBC 4-6 million WBC 5000-10000 Platelets 150,000 to 400000
30
Is the process of blood formation that begins during the first few weeks of embryonic development
Hematopoiesis
31
Where are red blood cells formed ?
Bone marrow
32
Is the process that stops bleeding resulting from injury
Hemostasis
33
The first step in wound healing involves three steps
Vasospasm Platelet plug Coagulation
34
Is a brief reflex in which the blood vessel narrows to decrease blood flow to the injury and increase blood pressure
Vasospasm
35
Involves activation, aggregation, and adherence of platelets into a plug that serves as a barrier against blood flowing out of the vessel.
Platelet plug
36
During________, a fibrin mesh is cleaved from fibrinogen. Fibrin acts like a kind of glue during clot formation, holding the platelet plug together. Once the blood flow is stopped, tissue repair can begin.
Coagulation
37
Increased wbc levels and can indicate an infectious process
Leukocytosis
38
Is a decrease in wbc levels and can indicate an immune deficiency state
Leukopenia
39
Refers to a decrease in circulating neutrophils to fewer than 1500 cells
Neutropenia
40
Normal range for neutrophils
2000-7500
41
Signs and symptoms of Hodgkin lymphoma
Swollen painless lymph nodes Weight loss Night sweats Persistent fever Malaise Recurrent infection Splenomegaly
42
Is a cancer of the leukocytes, with this disease, the bone marrow stem cells make abnormal leukocytes Huge numbers of immature WBCs are produced, cancer of the blood and blood forming organs
Leukemia
43
Signs and symptoms of leukemia
Bone pain Weigh loss Anorexia Splenomegaly Leukopenia
44
Is the most common type of anemia in the world. This type of anemia is most seen in women of child bearing age, children younger than 2 years of age and the elderly. Iron deficiency anemia occurs when the supply of iron is not adequate to the demand of hemoglobin production.
Iron deficiency anemia
45
This type of anemia often results from cyanocobalamin (b12 deficiency) which usually occurs gradually due to a lack of intrinsic factors.
Pernicious anemia
46
Is genetic type of hemolytic anemia in which erythrocytes have a crescent or sickle shape. It is caused by an abnormal type of hemoglobin called hemoglobin type S. It is an inherited disorder that is neither recessive nor dominant.
Sickle cell anemia
47
Is an inherited disorder that results in decreased coagulation
Hemophilia
48
Red bone marrow Lymphatic tissue of the spleen Lymph nodes and thymus gland
Hematopoietic tissues
49
All blood cells are formed in the ?
Red bone marrow
50
Excessive destruction of erythrocytes that causes hemolytic anemia
Hemolysis
51
Process by which WBC engulfs the bacteria or other organism when fighting infections
Phagocytosis
52
Failure of the bone marrow to replace platelets at an adequate rate, resulting in deficiency Characterized by Petechiae
Thrombocytopenia
53
Pinpoint hemorrhages under skin
Petechaie
54
Decreased platelet levels a condition that increases the risk of bleeding
Thrombocytopenia
55
A malignant disorder characterized by painless, progressive enlargement of lymphoid tissue, usually first evident in cervical lymph nodes; Splenomegaly; and the presence of reed sternberg cells.
Hodgkin lymphoma
56
A diverse group of malignant solid tumors of peripheral lymphoid tissue, distinguished from Hodgkin lymphoma by the absence of reed sternberg cells.
Non Hodgkin lymphoma
57
Is characterized by excessive numbers of abnormal plasma cells in bone marrow, crowding out the blood forming cells. A cancer of the plasma cells that affects older adults
Multiple myeloma
58
A common acquired or inherited disorder of the erythrocytes that impairs the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood
Anemia
59
A hemolytic anemia characterized by microcytic, hypochromic red blood cells. Is caused by an inherited deficiency of alpha or beta globin synthesis abnormal hemoglobin
Thalassemia
60
An increase in the red blood cell count and circulating red blood cell mass that may be primary or secondary to pulmonary disease, or prolonged exposure to high altitude
Polycythemia Vera
61
An X linked recessive bleeding disorder that involves a deficit or abnormality of clotting factor VIII
Hemophilia A
62
A common bleeding disorder caused by a defect or deficiency of a blood clotting protein called vonWillebrand factor
VonWillebrand disease
63
Is an auto immune disorder which results in antibodies which destroys the platelets Destroys its own platelets
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic pupura

Pathophsyiology (15 decks)

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