Chapter 5

Question 1

Is a chronic pulmonary disease that produces intermittent reversible air way obstruction

Answer 1

Asthma

Question 2

It is characterized by acute airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, bronchospasm, bronchiole edema, and mucus production

Answer 2

Asthma

Question 3

Also referred to as nasopharngitis, and the common cold, is a viral upper respiratory infection.

Answer 3

Infectious rhinitis

Question 4

Most people acquire this type of pneumonia from inhaling bacteria as they are spread by an air conditioning system or spa.

Answer 4

Legionaries disease

Question 5

Is specific type of pneumonia that is caused by legionella pneumophilia

Answer 5

Legionaries disease

Question 6

Changes the cells that produce mucus, sweat, saliva, and digestive secretions. Instead of lubricating the respiratory tract, these secretions occlude the airways, ducts, and passageways. This occlusion leads to atelectasis and permanent damage

Answer 6

Cystic fibrosis

Question 7

Respiratory failure is the most common cause of death in people who have _______

Answer 7

Cystic fibrosis

Question 8

Is an inherited, progressive disorder of the mucus and sweat glands that primarily affects the lungs and pancreas, but also impacts the liver, intestines, sinuses, sweat glands and sex organs

Answer 8

Cystic fibrosis

Question 9

Symptoms of lung cancer usually do not appear until the cancer is advanced. Clinical manifestations of lung cancer are insidious because they mimic the signs of smoking, including:

Answer 9

Persistent cough
DyspnEA
HEMOPTYSIS

Question 10

coughing up blood or bloody sputum

It is also a sign and symptom of lung cancer and tuberculosis

Answer 10

Hemopytysis

Question 11

For a Tb skin test__________ is injected just below the dermis.

Answer 11

Purified protein derivative tuberculin

Question 12

Is a common viral infection in children 6 months to 6 years of age

Answer 12

Croup

Question 13

Clinical manifestations of croup

Answer 13

Low grade fever
Nasal congestion
Sore throat
Seal like bark
Hoarseness
Inspiratory stridor
Wheezes rales
Dyspnea

Question 14

Is highly adaptive and the most common type of influenza virus

Answer 14

Influenza type A

Question 15

This type is usually responsible for the most serious epidemics and global pandemics, such as those that occurred in the United States in 1918, 1957, 1968, and 2009.

Answer 15

Type A influenza

Question 16

The virus is transmitted through inhalation and respiratory droplets.
The 2018-2019 US flu season saw mostly _________ ?

Answer 16

Influenza type A H1N1 and H3N2

Question 17

Clinical manifestations of the Flu

Answer 17

Fever headache
Chills dry cough
Body aches
Nasal congestion
Sore throat
Sweating
Malaise
Vomiting and diarrhea

Question 18

Is an accumulation of excess fluid in the pleural cavity

Answer 18

Pleural effusion

Question 19

An abnormal condition in which a person must sit or stand to breathe deeply or comfortably.

Answer 19

Orthopnea

Question 20

It occurs in many disorders of the cardiac and respiratory systems, such as asthma, emphysema, pulmonary edema, pneumonia, heart failure, and angina pectoris.

Answer 20

Orthopnea

Question 21

Assessment includes noting the number of pillows used by patient during sleep, patients with ______ also report sleeping in recliners

Answer 21

Orthopnea

Question 22

An abnormal deficiency in the concentration of oxygen in arterial blood.

Answer 22

Hypoxemia

Question 23

Air in the pleural cavity. The presence of atmospheric air in the pleural and separation to pleural membranes can lead to atelectasis. The pressure can cause a partial or complete collapse of the lung

Answer 23

Pneumothorax

Question 24

The structures of the upper respiratory tract

Answer 24

Mouth
Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Larynx

Question 25

The structures of the lower respiratory tract

Answer 25

Trachea Bronchioles Bronchi Alveoli

Question 26

Is often the result of a strong immune reaction to an allergen

Answer 26

Asthma

Question 27

Is a life threatening prolonged asthma attack that does not respond to usual treatment

Answer 27

Status asthmaticus

Question 28

A crease maybe present on top of the nose from an upward wiping away of drainage (nasal salute)

Answer 28

Infectious rhinitis

Question 29

Is an inflammation of the sinus cavities

Answer 29

Rhinosinuitis

Question 30

The inflammatory response that is triggered by these events causes the epiglottis to quickly swell and block air from entering the trachea, leading to respiratory failure. The swelling is most dangerous in children because their airways are smaller.

Answer 30

Epiglottis

Question 31

The vocal cords become irritated and edematous because of the inflammatory process. Can also be associated with croup and epiglottis Inflammation of the larynx

Answer 31

Laryngitis

Question 32

Generally affects the larynx and trachea but may sometimes extend to the bronchi

Answer 32

Croup

Question 33

Seal like barking cough (because of laryngeal swelling)

Answer 33

Croup

Question 34

Is an inflammation of the tracheobronchial tree or large bronchi that frequently follows an upper respiratory infection

Answer 34

Acute bronchitis

Question 35

Refers to a common acute inflammation of the bronchioles usually resulting from a viral infection, which is frequently caused by the respiratory syncytial virus RSV

Answer 35

Bronchiolitis

Question 36

Refers to inflammation of the lung, which may be triggered by numerous infectious agents (bacteria, viruses, and fungi) and injurious agents or events (aspiration or smoke)

Answer 36

Pneumonia

Question 37

The virus spreads from an upper respiratory tract to the bronchioles, causing epithelial necrosis and triggering inflammation

Answer 37

Bronchiolitis

Question 38

Aspiration of gastric contents, endotracheal intubation, respiratory suctioning, and inhalation of smoke or chemicals

Answer 38

Aspiration pneumonia

Question 39

Streptococcus pneumoniae is responsible for 75% of all cases of ?

Answer 39

Pneumonia

Question 40

Is confined to a single lobar

Answer 40

Lobar pneumonia

Question 41

The most frequent type, is a patchy pneumonia spread throughout several lobes

Answer 41

Bronchopneumonia

Question 42

Atypical pneumonia Occurs in areas between the alveoli

Answer 42

Interstitial pneumonia

Question 43

Remains a major cause of illness, with one fourth of the worlds population being infected

Answer 43

Tuberculosis

Question 44

Is often considered an opportunistic infection because it is more likely to become active in someone with a weakened immune system

Answer 44

Tuberculosis