chapter 3: terms Flashcards
1
Q
abdomin/o
A
abdomen
2
Q
acr/o
A
extremities, top, extreme point
3
Q
acu/o
A
sharp, severe, sudden
4
Q
aden/o
A
gland
5
Q
adip/o
A
fat
6
Q
amni/o
A
amnion (sac surrounding the embryo in the uterus)
7
Q
angi/o
A
vessel
8
Q
arteri/o
A
artery
9
Q
arthr/o
A
joint
10
Q
axill/o
A
armpit
11
Q
bi/o
A
life
12
Q
blephar/o
A
eyelid
13
Q
bronch/o
A
bronchial tubes
14
Q
carcin/o
A
cancer
15
Q
cardi/o
A
heart
16
Q
chem/o
A
drug, chemical
17
Q
chondr/o
A
cartilage
18
Q
chron/o
A
time
19
Q
col/o
A
colon (large intestine)
20
Q
cyst/o
A
urniary bladder
21
Q
encephal/o
A
brain
22
Q
erythr/o
A
red
23
Q
hem/o
A
blood
24
Q
hepat/o
A
liver
25
hydr/o
water, fluid
26
inguin/o
groin
27
isch/o
to hold back
28
lapar/o
abdomen, abdominal wall
29
cerebr/o
cerebrum (largest part of brain)
30
cephal/o
head
31
crani/o
skull
32
psych/o
mind
33
laryng/o
larynx
34
leuk/o
white
35
mamm/o
breast
36
mast/o
breast
37
morph/o
shape, form
38
muc/o
mucus
39
my/o
muscle
40
myel/o
spinal cord; bone marrow
41
necr/o
death (of cells or whole body)
42
nephr/o
kidney
43
neur/o
nerve
44
neutr/o
neutrophil (a white blood cell)
45
nucle/o
nucleus
46
ophthalm/o
eye
47
opi/o
opium
48
oste/o
bone
49
ot/o
ear
50
path/o
disease
51
peritone/o
peritoneum
52
phag/o
to eat, swallow
53
phleb/o
vein
54
plas/o
formation, development
55
pleur/o
pleura (membrane surrounding lungs and adjacent to chest wall)
56
pneumon/o
lungs
57
pulmon/o
lungs
58
radi/o
x-rays
59
rect/o
rectum
60
ren/o
kidney
61
rhin/o
nose
62
sarc/o
flesh
63
splen/o
spleen
64
staphyl/o
clusters
65
strept/o
twisted chains
66
thorac/o
chest
67
thromb/o
clot
68
tonsill/o
tonsils
69
ven/o
vein
70
coccyg/o
coccyx=tailbone
71
laryng/o
larynx=voice box
72
pharyng/o
pharynx= throat
73
phalanx= finger or toe
phalang/o
74
Suffix:
| -algia
pain
- > arthralgia
- > fibromyalgia is a common chronic disorder that involves widespread pain in muscles and fibrous tissues around joints
75
Suffix:
| -cele
hernia
| -> rectocele
76
Suffix:
| -centesis
puncture to remove fluid
- > thoracentesis
- > amniocentesis
- > abdominal paracentesis (para- means beside or near). A tube is placed through an incision in the abdomen and fluid is removed from the peritoneal cavity (beside the abdominal organs)
77
Suffix:
- coccus (singular)
- cocci (plural)
berry-shaped bacteria
- > streptococcus
- > staphylococci
78
Suffix:
| -cyte
cell
| -> erythrocyte
79
Suffix:
| -dynia
pain
| -> pleurodynia: pain in the chest wall muscles that is aggravated with breathing
80
Suffix:
| -ectomy
removal, excision, resection
| -> laryngectomy
81
Suffix:
| -emia
blood condition
- > anemia
- > ischemia: literally, to hold back (isch/o) blood (-emia) from a part of the body or tissue. B/c of a decrease in blood supply (blood clot in a vessel or narrowing and closing off of a vessel), tissue becomes ischemic and can even die if it is deprived of oxygen long enough
82
Anemia
condition marked by reduction in the number of erythrocytes or in the amount of hemoglobin in blood
83
iron deficiency anemia
iron is needed to make hemoglobin
84
sickle cell anemia
erythrocytes assume an abnormal sickle shape and clog blood vessels
85
aplastic anemia
erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes are not formed in bone marrow
86
Suffix:
| -genesis
condition of , producing, forming
| -> carcinogenesis
87
Suffix:
| -gram
record
| -> mammogram
88
Suffix:
| -graph
instrument for recording
| -> electroencephalograph
89
Suffix:
| -graphy
process of recording
90
Suffix:
| -itis
inflammation
| ->bronchitis
91
Suffix:
| -logy
study of
| -> ophthamology
92
Suffix:
| -lysis
breakdown, destruction, seperation
->hemolysis: normal breakdown of red blood cells. excessive destruction of red blood cells can lead to a type of anemia called hemolytic anemia
93
Suffix:
| -malacia
softening
| ->osteomalacia
94
Suffix:
| -megaly
enlargement
| -> acromegaly
95
Suffix:
| -oma
tumor, mass, collection of fluid
- > myoma: benign tumor
- > myosarcoma: malignant tumor. Muscle is a type of flesh (sarc/o) tissue
- >multiple myeloma: myel/o means bone marrow in this term. this malignant tumor occurs in bone marrow tissue throughout the body
96
Suffix:
| -opsy
to view
| -> biopsy
97
Suffix:
| -osis
condition, usually abnormal
- > necrosis
- > leukocytosis
98
Suffix:
| -pathy
disease condition
| -> cardiomyopathy: primary disease of the heart muscle in the absence of a known underlying etiology (cause)
99
Suffix:
| -penia
deficiency, lack off
| -> erythropenia
100
Suffix:
| -phobia
fear
101
splenomegaly
- > spleen is in left upper quadrant (LUQ)
- > composed of lymph tissue and blood vessels, disposes of dying red blood cells and contains white blood cells to fight disease
- >splenomegaly occurs with development of high blood pressure in hepatic veins and hemolytic blood diseases (anemias involving excessive destruction or lysis of red blood cells).
102
Suffix:
| -plasia
development, formation, growth
-> achondroplasia: This is an inherited disorder or can be the result of a mutation (change) in a specific gene. Bones of the arms and legs do not grow to normal size because of a defect in cartilage and bone formation. Dwarfism results, marked by short limbs but normalsized head and trunk and normal intelligence.
103
Suffix:
| -plasty
surgical repair
-> angioplasty: An interventional cardiologist opens a narrowed blood vessel (artery) using a balloon that is inflated after insertion into the vessel. Stents, or slotted tubes, are then put in place to keep the artery open.
104
Suffix:
| -ptosis
drooping, falling, prolapse
- > blepharoptosis
- >physicians use -ptosis alone to indicate drooping of the upper eyelids or the breasts
105
Suffix:
| -rrhea
flow, discharge
| -> rhinorrhea
106
Suffix:
| -sclerosis
hardening
- > arteriosclerosis
- >in atherosclerosis (a form of arteriosclerosis), deposits of fat (ather/o means fatty material) collect in an artery.
107
Suffix:
| -scope
instrument for visual examination
| -> laparoscope
108
blepharoplasty
surgical repair procedure for eyelid
109
Suffix:
| -scopy
process of visual examination(with an endoscope)
| ->laparoscopy
110
Suffix:
| -stasis
controlling, stopping
-> metastasis: Meta- means beyond. A metastasis is the spread of a malignant tumor beyond its original site to a secondary organ or location.
->hemostasis: Blood flow is stopped naturally by clotting or artificially by compression or suturing of a wound. A hemostat is a surgical clamp used in operating rooms to stop blood flow.
111
Suffix:
| -stomy
opening to form a mouth (stoma)
| -> colostomy
112
Suffix:
| -therapy
treatment
- > hydrotherapy
- > chemotherapy
113
Suffix:
| -tomy
incision, cutting into
| -> laparotomy
114
Suffix:
| -trophy
development, nourishment
-> hypertrophy: cells increase in size, not number. muscles of weight lifters often hypertrophy.
-> atrophy: cells decrease in size. muscles atrophy when immobilized in a cast and not in use
115
Suffix:
| -er
one who
| -> radiographer
116
Suffix:
| -ia
condition
| -> leukemia
117
Suffix:
| -ist
specialist
| -> nephrologist
118
Suffix:
| -oid
resembling, derived from
| -> opioid
119
Suffix:
| -ole
little, small
| -> arteriole
120
Suffix:
| -ule
little, small
| -> venule
121
Suffix:
| -um, ium
structure, tissue
| -> pericardium: this membrane surrounds the heart
122
Suffix:
| -us
structure, substance
- > mucus
- > esophagus
123
Suffix:
| -y
condition, process
| ->nephropathy
124
buprenorphine
treats opioid addiction
125
narcan (naloxone)
medication to counter the effects of life-threatening opoid overdose
126
Suffix:
| -ac, iac
pertaining to
| ->cardiac
127
Suffix:
| -al
pertaining to
- > peritoneal
- > myocardial: A myocardial infarction (MI) is a heart attack. An infarction is an area of dead tissue (necrosis) resulting from ischemia (lack of blood supply to that tissue).
128
Suffix:
| -ar
pertaining to
| -> tonsillar
129
Suffix:
| -ary
pertaining to
| -> pulmonary
130
Suffix:
| -eal
pertaining to
| -> laryngeal
131
Suffix:
| -genic
pertaining to producing, produced by or in
-> osteogenic: an osteogenic sarcoma is malignant tumor produced in bone
132
Suffix:
| -ic, ical
pertaining to
-> chronic: Acute is the opposite of chronic. It describes a disease that is of rapid onset and has severe symptoms and brief duration.
133
Suffix:
| -ose
pertaining to, full of
| -> adipose
134
Suffix:
| -ous
pertaining to
| -> mucous membrane
135
Suffix:
| -tic
pertaining to
| -> necrotic
136
breast cancer cells often spread to axillary lymph nodes. the first lymph node to which cancer is most likely spread to is called the sentinel axillary lymph node. it is removed during mastectomy or lumpectomy
true
