Chapter 3 Test: 10/17

Question 1

factors encouraging exploration

Answer 1

1. trade with the East (India) is in high demand
2. curiosity about the East sparked by writers like Marco Polo
3. scientific progress (better maps, compasses)

Question 2

who dominates trade?

Answer 2

the Italians

Question 3

how do spain and portugal challenge the Italian monopoly?

Answer 3

they seek an all water route to the East

Question 4

reason Portugese have commercial empire

Answer 4

Prince Henry the Navigator encourages exploration

Question 5

Diaz

Answer 5

reaches the Cape of Good Hope (S. tip of Africa)

Question 6

Columbus

Answer 6

runs into new world and claims it for Spain

Question 7

effects of Commercial Revolution on Europe

Answer 7

1. expanded world trade

2. economy shifts from Italy to West Coast

Question 8

effects of Commercial Revolution outside Europe

Answer 8

1. African slave trade BOOMS

2. Europeans migrate to the new world and bring culture/civilization

Question 9

issues with Commercial Revolution

Answer 9

1. inflation

2. usery (charge interest on borrowed money)

Question 10

Pom System

Answer 10

raw materials to home

Question 11

Factory System

Answer 11

machinery; attracts workers to move into cities

Question 12

Social Structure

Answer 12

1. kings/royals
2. aristocracy/nobility
3. middle class
4. peasants/working poor

Question 13

middle class in France

Answer 13

Bourgeoisie

Question 14

middle class in England

Answer 14

Yeomanry

Question 15

why was there an increase in universities?

Answer 15

the demand for educated workers grew

Question 16

who benefited most from the commercial revolution and why?

Answer 16

the nobility because of an increased demand for agricultural products

Question 17

robot

Answer 17

forced laborers for Prussian lords

Question 18

Junkers

Answer 18

landlords in Prussia

Question 19

Prussian government

Answer 19

weak, inefficient

Question 20

Phillip II

Answer 20

strong catholic who believed his duty was to crush the protestant revolution all together

Question 21

writer of Don Quiote

Answer 21

Cervante

Question 22

modern day Spanish Netherlands

Answer 22

1. Belgium
2. Luxembourg
3. Netherlands

Question 23

North (Germany)

Answer 23

Protestant

Question 24

South (France)

Answer 24

Catholic

Question 25

principle city in the Netherlands

Answer 25

Anthwerp

Question 26

William of Orange

Answer 26

led 200 nobleman who formed a league to stop the spread of Spanish Influence in the Netherlands which ended in a revolt

Question 27

Passification of Ghent

Answer 27

league by which the Dutch agree to drive off Spaniards

Question 28

Council of Trouble

Answer 28

Phillip II responds to William of Orange's revolt by sending the Duke of Alba to lead this

Question 29

Union of Utrech

Answer 29

7 northern provinces of the Netherlands unite to fight the Spanish

Question 30

why won't the English get involved in the Spanish Netherlands?

Answer 30

Mary Queen of Scots is the Catholic ruler and cousin of the English ruler Elizabeth who is supporting the Dutch financially but won't fight for them until Mary dies

Question 31

Cadiz Raid

Answer 31

Elizabeth sends Sir Francis Drake in to burn Spanish ships

Question 32

Spanish Armada

Answer 32

wanted to kill Elizabeth, crushed by Protestant Wind

Question 33

results of the defeat of the Spanish Armada

Answer 33

1. Spanish declines as greatest naval power; England rises 2. 12 Years Truce 3. Holland & England establish colonies in the new world

Question 34

12 Years Truce

Answer 34

divides the Netherlands into two parts (independent/Spanish)

Question 35

French Protestants

Answer 35

Hugenots

Question 36

Catherine de Medici's sons cause how many civil wars during all of their reigns?

Answer 36

nine

Question 37

leader of French Hugenots

Answer 37

Admiral de Coligne

Question 38

leader of French Catholics

Answer 38

Duke of Gee

Question 39

St. Bartholemeu Day Massacre

Answer 39

Catherine tries to eliminate the opposition

Question 40

Politiques

Answer 40

France should have 2 religions

Question 41

Jean Bodin

Answer 41

royal absolutism

Question 42

Bourbon Dynasty

Answer 42

starts when King Henry of Nevar becomes king of Poland

Question 43

Louis XIII's chief minister

Answer 43

Cardinal Richelieu

Question 44

Louis XIII's major goals

Answer 44

1. make the king absolute monarch | 2. make France the greatest nation in Europe

Question 45

how does Louis XIII plan to accomplish his goals?

Answer 45

1. allow nobility to engage in commerce 2. crush the Hugenot rebellion with Peace of Alais 3. Anti Hapsburg Policy

Question 46

causes of the 30 Year War

Answer 46

1. religious conflict | 2. Spanish ambition

Question 47

Protestant Union

Answer 47

England, France, Holland

Question 48

Catholic Union

Answer 48

Bavaria, Austria, Spain

Question 49

Defenstration of Prague

Answer 49

emperors representatives thrown out the window

Question 50

Frederick V

Answer 50

elected of Palentein/head of the Protestant Union | made King of Bohemia

Question 51

Bohemian War winner

Answer 51

Catholics

Question 52

leaders in the Danish War

Answer 52

King of Denmark & Duke of Holstein

Question 53

Albert of Wallenstein

Answer 53

commander of the HRE army who defeats Danes

Question 54

Danish War winner

Answer 54

Catholics

Question 55

Edict of Restitution

Answer 55

issued after Danish War | says that all of the Catholic churches property that was lost must be restored

Question 56

leader of the Swedes in the Swedish War

Answer 56

Gustafos Aldophus

Question 57

goal of Aldophus

Answer 57

expand Sweden's influence in Northern Germany

Question 58

Swedish War winner

Answer 58

Protestants despite Aldophus being killed

Question 59

Aldophus is killed in this battle

Answer 59

Battle of Lutzen

Question 60

Peace of Prague

Answer 60

ends Swedish War | emperor resends the Edict of Restitution

Question 61

leader of Swedes in Swedish-French War

Answer 61

Cardinal Richelieu

Question 62

most important battle in the Swedish-French War

Answer 62

Battle of Rocroi

Question 63

Treaty of Westphalia

Answer 63

ends the 30 Years War permanently

Question 64

results of the Treaty of Westphalia

Answer 64

1. France gets Alsais 2. German rulers gain the right to determine the official religion of their states 3. Holland & Switzerland are recognized as independent countries 4.

Question 65

results of 30 Years War

Answer 65

1. ends movement of German unification | 2. creates Staatssystem (the beginning of Int'l Law)