Chapter 7 Test: 1/27

Question 1

What time period does the Old Regime refer to?

Answer 1

France Pre-Revolution

Question 2

Who were the king and queen before the French Revolution?

Answer 2

Louis the 16th and Marie Antionette

Question 3

What problems faced the Regime?

Answer 3

1. no uniform legal code
2. no free trade in the country
3. lack of money

Question 4

What was most of France’s debt from?

Answer 4

wars

Question 5

Is the tax system in France successful?

Answer 5

No, there were too many exemptions

Question 6

define tally

Answer 6

land tax (clergy and nobility are exempt)

Question 7

define tithe

Answer 7

tax payed to the church by the 3rd estate

Question 8

Who does Louis need to help him reform taxes?

Answer 8

the Estates General (pre-revolution French parliament)

Question 9

describe the members of each estate

Answer 9

1st: clergy (1/4)
2nd: nobility(1/4)
3rd: bourgeois (middle class workers, 1/2)

Question 10

What was the cahiers?

Answer 10

list of grievances and demands by the 3rd estate

Question 11

What did the cahier say?

Answer 11

1. abolish privileges of the nobility
2. fair taxation
3. give the Estates General power to make laws
4. freedom of speech and press
5. institute the jury system

Question 12

What was the Tennis Court Oath?

Answer 12

members of the 3rd estate gather and produce a constitution

Question 13

What event sparked the French Revolution?

Answer 13

storming of the Bastille

Question 14

What is the new form of French parliament called?

Answer 14

the National Assembly

Question 15

What were the parts of the National Assembly and their interests?

Answer 15

1. bourgeoisie: government
2. peasants: land
3. cityworkers: better wages and conditions (most extreme)

Question 16

What were accomplishments of the National Assembly?

Answer 16

1. abolished all feudal obligations to landlords
2. abolish the tithe
3. abolish tax exemptions for the nobility
4. abolish titles for the nobilities
5. abolish guilds

Question 17

What is the name of the constitution made by the National Assembly?

Answer 17

Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizens

Question 18

What rights does the new constitution focus on?

Answer 18

1. liberty
2. property
3. security

Question 19

What was the Civil Constitution of the Clergy?

Answer 19

a law passed that said the French government was second to the Catholic church

Question 20

What was the Committee of Public Safety’s purpose and who was the leader?

Answer 20

to kill all who oppose the revolution (like Louis XVI)

led by Robes Pierre

Question 21

What were those who fronted the revolution called?

Answer 21

Jackovins

Question 22

Who reigns during the Reign of Terror?

Answer 22

Robes Pierre

Question 23

What was the Law of Maximum?

Answer 23

established price control on goods that were considered necessities

Question 24

Why was Robes Pierre executed?

Answer 24

he initiated the Worship of the Supreme Being (him)

Question 25

What countries are at war with France?

Answer 25

Austria, Prussia, Russia, Spain, Holland (everyone)

Question 26

What replaces the National Assembly?

Answer 26

the Directory (5 members)

Question 27

What reforms did the Directory establish?

Answer 27

1. debtors prisons were abolished 2. slavery in the French colonies was abolished 3. primogenitor was abolished 4. only literate citizens could vote

Question 28

What was the Clichy Club?

Answer 28

loyalists to the king

Question 29

What was the Declaration of Verona?

Answer 29

Louis XVIII intends to restore the Old Regime and punish revolutionaries

Question 30

What was the purpose of the Conspiracy of Equals and who was their leader?

Answer 30

to destroy the directory led by Gracchus Babeauf (who is crushed and executed)

Question 31

What replaces the Directory?

Answer 31

the Consulate

Question 32

What happens to the Consulate?

Answer 32

Napoleon abolishes it to make an empire where he is emperor

Question 33

What were Napolean's main influences?

Answer 33

1. creates a central bank (Bank of France) 2. Concordant of 1801: restores Catholic church 3. Code Napolean: legal reform 4. creates the Legion of Honor

Question 34

What was Napolean's major goal?

Answer 34

unite all of Europe under the French government

Question 35

leader of Russia

Answer 35

Tsar Alexander I

Question 36

leader of Austria

Answer 36

Frances II (abolished the HRE)

Question 37

leader of Prussia

Answer 37

Frederick Willhelm III

Question 38

leader of Britain

Answer 38

George III and PM William Pitt

Question 39

Battle of Ulhm

Answer 39

French defeat Austrians | Napolean's first big victory

Question 40

Battle of Transfalgar

Answer 40

Britain's Horatio Nelson defeats the French

Question 41

Battle of Austerlitz

Answer 41

Napolean defeats the combined Prussian/Austria army

Question 42

Treaty of Pressburg

Answer 42

following the Battle of Austerlitz, Prussia drops out

Question 43

Confederation of the Rhine

Answer 43

a union of German states as allies of the French and Napolean

Question 44

Battle of Freidland

Answer 44

Napoleon defeats Russia

Question 45

Treaty of Tilsit

Answer 45

after Freidland, Russia and Napoleon sign a treaty and Russia joins continental system

Question 46

What was the purpose of The Continental System?

Answer 46

1. economically destroy England | 2. allow France to dominate Europe's economy

Question 47

What was the Berlin Decree?

Answer 47

installed the Continental System in Europe and said that no British imports were allowed

Question 48

What was the Milan Decree?

Answer 48

Napoleon says that no country in the Continental System can trade with Britain to enforce the Berlin Decree

Question 49

Why does the Continental System fail?

Answer 49

1. Europeans desire American/British goods 2. Europeans place high tariffs on each other 3. France was only looking out for theirself

Question 50

Why does Napoleon make king of Spain?

Answer 50

his brother Joseph

Question 51

What did the Duke of Wellington do?

Answer 51

defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo

Question 52

What book did JG Herder write?

Answer 52

Ideas on Philosophy of Manking

Question 53

What did JG Herder's book focus on?

Answer 53

volksgeist: culture and civilization must arise from natural roots

Question 54

Who was chief minister of Prussia?

Answer 54

Barron Heinreich von Stein

Question 55

What did von Stein do?

Answer 55

1. destroyed the French | 2. prevents a revolution in Prussia

Question 56

What was the Congress of Erfurt?

Answer 56

German rulers meet with the Tsar of Russia

Question 57

Why did the Russian's not like the Grand Duchy of Warsaw?

Answer 57

they saw it as a possible Polish revolution

Question 58

Who led the Congress of Vienna?

Answer 58

Austrian Prime Minister Clemens von Metternich which divided Europe among the new powers

Question 59

Who does Louis XVIII marry after divorcing Josephine of Spain?

Answer 59

Marie Louise of Austria

Question 60

Who withdrew Russia from the Continental System?

Answer 60

Michael Kutuzov

Question 61

Battle of Leipsig

Answer 61

Napleon is defeated and severly weakened

Question 62

Who made the Frankfurt Proposal and what was it?

Answer 62

Meternich | Napoleon can remain emperor if he surrenders, but he rejects it

Question 63

What treaty forms the Quad Alliance after Napoleon rejects the Frankfurt Proposal and what is the result?

Answer 63

Treaty of Chaumont | Napoleon abdicated the throne after this

Question 64

What is the Quad's biggest question now?

Answer 64

What to do with France? How powerful should it be?

Question 65

What was the purpose of the Congress of Vienna?

Answer 65

to reassign the land that France took over

Question 66

What was the purpose of the Concert of Europe?

Answer 66

1. restore the regime | 2. reconstruct Europe

Question 67

What were the 100 Days?

Answer 67

Napoleon returns from exile

Question 68

What battle is fought during the 100 days?

Answer 68

Battle of Waterloo where Napoleon is defeated again

Question 69

Where is Napoleon exiled to after Waterloo?

Answer 69

Elba

Question 70

Why did Napoleon fail?

Answer 70

1. personal ambition 2. Britain's naval powers and control of the seas 3. failure of the Continental System 4. rising German nationalism 5. physical and economic exhaustion of France

Question 71

What was the result of the Congress of Vienna?

Answer 71

1. Metternich System: Europe's balance of power | 2. The Holy Alliance (rulers focused on Christian principles)