Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Apsuh > Chapter 30 > Flashcards

Chapter 30 Flashcards

(92 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

“red scare

A

The “red scare” of 1919-1920 resulted in a nationwide crusade against people whose Americanism was suspect. Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer rounded up people who were in question.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer

A

The “red scare” of 1919-1920 resulted in a nationwide crusade against people whose Americanism was suspect. Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer rounded up people who were in question.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Russia

A

Fear of Russia swept across the country in the years following the communist Bolshevik revolution of 1917.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

criminal syndicalism laws

A

In 1919-1920, some states passed criminal syndicalism laws that made it illegal to advocate the use of violence to obtain social change. Traditional American ideals of free speech were restricted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

American plan

A

Striking employees were viewed as Un-American. Some business supported the American plan, in which employees were not required to join unions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Antiredism

A

Antiredism and antiforeignism were reflected in the criminal case of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

antiforeignism

A

Antiredism and antiforeignism were reflected in the criminal case of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Nicola Sacco

A

Antiredism and antiforeignism were reflected in the criminal case of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bartolomeo Vanzetti.

A

Antiredism and antiforeignism were reflected in the criminal case of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ku Klux Klan

A

The Ku Klux Klan (Knights of the Invisible Empire) grew in the early 1920s out of the growing intolerance and prejudice of the American public. It was most popular in the Midwest and the South

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Emergency Quota Act of 1921

A

Emergency Quota Act of 1921 placed a quota on the number of European immigrants who could come to America each year; it was set at 3% of the people of their nationality who had been living in the United States in 1910.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The Immigration Act of 1924

A

The Immigration Act of 1924 replaced the Quota Act of 1921, cutting quotas for foreigners from 3% to 2%. Japanese were banned from coming to America. Canadians and Latin Americans were exempt from the act, because their close proximity made it easy to attract them when they were needed and it was easy to send them home when they were not needed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

18th Amendment

A

The 18th Amendment, passed in 1919, banned alcohol. It was enforced by the Volstead Act.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Volstead Act.

A

The 18th Amendment, passed in 1919, banned alcohol. It was enforced by the Volstead Act.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Prohibition

A

Prohibition was popular in the South, where white southerners wanted to keep stimulants out of the hands of blacks, and in the West, where alcohol was associated with crime and corruption.was popular in the South, where white southerners wanted to keep stimulants out of the hands of blacks, and in the West, where alcohol was associated with crime and corruption.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Speakeasies

A

“Prohibitionists were naïve in believing that the law could be enforced; the Federal government had a weak track record of enforcing laws that controlled personal lives. Prohibition might have started off better if there had been a larger number of enforcement officials.

“Speakeasies” replaced saloons.” replaced saloons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

“Scarface” Al Capone

A

In Chicago, “Scarface” Al Capone, a murderous booze distributor, began 6 years of gang warfare that generated millions of dollars. Capone was eventually tried and convicted of income-tax evasion and sent to prison for 11 years.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Charles A. Lindbergh

A

Gangsters began to move into other profitable and illicit activities: prostitution, gambling, narcotics, and kidnapping for ransom.

After the son of Charles A. Lindbergh was kidnapped for ransom and then murdered, Congress passed the Lindbergh Law in 1932, making interstate abduction in certain circumstances a death-penalty offense.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Lindbergh Law in 1932,

A

After the son of Charles A. Lindbergh was kidnapped for ransom and then murdered, Congress passed the Lindbergh Law in 1932, making interstate abduction in certain circumstances a death-penalty offense.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Professor John Dewey

A

In the 1920s, states started to put a larger focus on education. Professor John Dewey set forth the principles of “learning by doing” that formed the foundation of so-called progressive education. He believed that “education for life” should be a primary goal of the teacher.

Science and healthcare also improved during the 1920s.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Fundamentalists

A

Fundamentalists, old-time religionists, claimed that the teaching of Darwinism evolution was destroying faith in God and the Bible, while contributing to the moral breakdown of youth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Darwinism evolution

A

Fundamentalists, old-time religionists, claimed that the teaching of Darwinism evolution was destroying faith in God and the Bible, while contributing to the moral breakdown of youth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

John T. Scope

A

In 1925, John T. Scopes was indicted in Tennessee for teaching evolution.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

“Monkey Trial,

A

At the “Monkey Trial,” Scopes was defended by Clarence Darrow, while former presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan prosecuted him. Scopes was found guilty and fined $100.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
William Jennings Bryan
At the "Monkey Trial," Scopes was defended by Clarence Darrow, while former presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan prosecuted him. Scopes was found guilty and fined $100.
26
Modernism
Modernism: philosophical movement during the 1920s; a key component of this movement was the questioning of social conventions.
27
H.L. Mencken
H.L. Mencken attacked marriage, patriotism, democracy, and prohibition in his monthly American Mercury.
28
F. Scott Fitzgerald
F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote This Side of Paradise in 1920 and The Great Gatsby in 1925.
29
Earnest Hemingway
Earnest Hemingway was among the writers most affected by the war. He responded to propaganda and the overblown appeal to patriotism. He wrote of disillusioned, spiritually numb American expatriates in Europe in The Sun Also Rises (1926).
30
Sinclair Lewis
Sinclair Lewis wrote Main Street (1920) and Babbitt (1922).
31
Sherwood Anderson
Sherwood Anderson wrote Winesburg, Ohio (1919).
32
Harlem Renaissance
Harlem Renaissance: a black cultural movement that grew out of Harlem
33
stock market
In the 1920s, the stock market became increasingly popular to the average citizen.
34
Bureau of the Budget
In 1921, the Republican Congress created the Bureau of the Budget to help the president submit an annual budget to Congress. It was designed to prevent haphazardly extravagant appropriations.
35
annual budget
In 1921, the Republican Congress created the Bureau of the Budget to help the president submit an annual budget to Congress. It was designed to prevent haphazardly extravagant appropriations.
36
Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon's
Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon's belief was that taxes forced the rich to invest in tax-exempt securities rather than in factories; this hurt business. Mellon helped create a series of tax reductions from 1921-1926 to help rich people. Congress also eliminated the gift tax, reduced excise taxes, the surtax, the income tax, and estate taxes. Mellon's policies shifted the tax burden from the wealthy to the middle-income groups. Mellon reduced the national debt by $10 billion.
37
Warren G. Harding
Warren G. Harding was inaugurated in 1921. He was unable to detect corruption in his own staff. He was a very soft guy in that he hated to say "no," hurting peoples' feelings.
38
Charles Evans Hughes
Charles Evans Hughes was the secretary of state.
39
Andrew W. Mellon,
Andrew W. Mellon, Pittsburgh's multimillionaire aluminium king, was the secretary of the Treasury.
40
Herbert Hoover
Herbert Hoover was the secretary of commerce.
41
Harry M. Daugherty
Harding's brightest and most capable officials (above) were offset by two of the worst: Senator Albert B. Fall, an anti-conservationist who was the secretary of the interior, and Harry M. Daugherty, a crook who was the attorney general.
42
Senator Albert B. Fall
Harding's brightest and most capable officials (above) were offset by two of the worst: Senator Albert B. Fall, an anti-conservationist who was the secretary of the interior, and Harry M. Daugherty, a crook who was the attorney general.
43
Adkins v. Children's Hospital
In the first years of the 1920s, the Supreme Court struck down progressive legislation. The Supreme Court ruled in Adkins v. Children's Hospital (1923) that women did not deserve special protection in the workplace. They said that the 19th Amendment made women the legal equals of men.
44
Esch-Cummins Transportation Act of 1920
Industrialists convinced the government to release control that it had installed on the economy during WWI. The Esch-Cummins Transportation Act of 1920 returned the railroads to private management. It pledged the Interstate Commerce Commission to guarantee their profitability.
45
Merchant Marine Act of 1920
The Merchant Marine Act of 1920 authorized the government to sell its wartime fleet of 1500 vessels at extremely low prices.
46
La Follette Seaman's Act of 1915
The La Follette Seaman's Act of 1915 improved working conditions for sailors but it economically hurt the American shipping industry because they now had a hard time competing with foreigners, who did not treat their crews very well.
47
Veterans Bureau
In 1921, Congress created the Veterans Bureau to operate hospitals and provide vocational rehabilitation for the disabled.
48
American Legion
The American Legion was created in 1919 by Colonel Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. It was a support/social group for veterans.
49
Adjusted Compensation Act,
The legion convinced Congress in 1924 to pass the Adjusted Compensation Act, which gave every former soldier a sum of money, depending on their years of service.
50
Isolationism
Isolationism was prominent in Washington.
51
League of Nations
President Harding hated the League of Nations and at first, he refused to support the League's world health program.
52
Washington "Disarmament" Conference
Secretary Hughes secured the rights for American oil companies to share oil lands in the Middle East with Britain. Several world powers met at the Washington "Disarmament" Conference in 1921-1922 to discuss disarmament of their respective navies.
53
The Five-Power Naval Treaty
. The Five-Power Naval Treaty of 1922 limited the construction of certain types of large naval ships, and it applied ratio limits to the number of ships a country could build (ex: Japan could build 3/5 as many ships as America).
54
A Four-Power Treaty
A Four-Power Treaty between Britain, Japan, France and the United States replaced the 20-year old Anglo-Japanese Treaty and preserved the status quo in the Pacific.
55
Frank. B. Kellogg
In the late 1920s, Americans called for the "outlaw of war." Calvin Coolidge's secretary of state Frank. B. Kellogg signed with the French foreign minister in 1928 the Kellogg-Briand Pact. Known as the Pact of Paris, it was ratified by 62 nations. It tried to outlaw war, but it had a big exception: defensive wars were still permitted.
56
Kellogg-Briand Pact.
In the late 1920s, Americans called for the "outlaw of war." Calvin Coolidge's secretary of state Frank. B. Kellogg signed with the French foreign minister in 1928 the Kellogg-Briand Pact. Known as the Pact of Paris, it was ratified by 62 nations. It tried to outlaw war, but it had a big exception: defensive wars were still permitted.
57
Pact of Paris
In the late 1920s, Americans called for the "outlaw of war." Calvin Coolidge's secretary of state Frank. B. Kellogg signed with the French foreign minister in 1928 the Kellogg-Briand Pact. Known as the Pact of Paris, it was ratified by 62 nations. It tried to outlaw war, but it had a big exception: defensive wars were still permitted.
58
Fordney-McCumber Tariff Law
Because businessmen did not want Europe flooding American markets with cheap goods after the war, Congress passed the Fordney-McCumber Tariff Law in 1922, raising the tariff from 27% to 35%.
59
Colonel Charles R. Forbes
In 1923, Colonel Charles R. Forbes, head of the Veterans Bureau, was caught stealing $200 million from the government, chiefly in connection with the building of veterans' hospitals.
60
Teapot Dome scandal
In the Teapot Dome scandal (1921), the secretary of the interior, Albert B. Fall, convinced the secretary of the navy to transfer valuable oil-laden land to the Interior Department (the land was owned by the navy). Fall was then bribed with $100,000 to leased the lands to oilmen Harry F. Sinclair and Edward L. Doheny.
61
August 2, 1923
President Harding died in San Francisco on August 2, 1923 of pneumonia and thrombosis.
62
Calvin Coolidge
Vice President Calvin Coolidge took over the presidency following Harding's death. He was extremely shy and delivered very boring speeches.
63
Capper-Volstead Act
The Capper-Volstead Act exempted farmers' marketing cooperatives from anti-trust prosecution.
64
McNary-Haugen Bill
The McNary-Haugen Bill sought to keep agricultural prices high by authorizing the government to buy crop surpluses and sell them abroad. President Coolidge vetoed the bill because the bill would've cost the government money.
65
Progressive party.
Senator La Follette from Wisconsin led the new liberal Progressive party.
66
election of 1924.
The Progressives called for government ownership of railroads and relief for farmers, opposed monopolies and antilabor injunctions, and supported a constitutional amendment to limit the Supreme Court's power to invalidate laws passed by Congress. Calvin Coolidge won the election of 1924.
67
Caribbean and Central America
Isolationism continued in Coolidge's second term. Exception to this were in the Caribbean and Central America, where Americans participated in a few armed conflicts in Haiti and Nicaragua.
68
Dawes Plan of 1924
Negotiated by Charles Dawes, the Dawes Plan of 1924 addressed the debt repayment issue. It set up German reparations and allowed for Americans to make private loans to Germany. The Germans used these loans to pay the reparations, which the Allies used to pay the war debts to the Americans.
69
downturn
A downturn in the global economy disrupted the flow of money, and because of this, the United States never fully received its war repayments from Europe.
70
Alfred E. Smith
The Democrats nominated Alfred E. Smith. He was a Roman Catholic in an overwhelmingly Protestant country.
71
Herbert Hoover
When Calvin Coolidge decided not to run for re-election in 1928, the Republicans chose Herbert Hoover. Hoover supported isolationism, individualism, free enterprise, and small government.
72
radio
For the first time, the radio was widely used in election campaigns. It mostly helped Hoover's campaign.
73
election of 1928
Herbert Hoover won the election of 1928 in a landslide, becoming the first Republican candidate in 52 years (except for Harding's Tennessee victory), to win a state that had seceded.
74
wage earners
The disorganized wage earners and the disorganized farmers were not getting rich in the growing economy.
75
Agricultural Marketing Act
The Agricultural Marketing Act, passed in 1929, was designed to help the farmers by setting up the Federal Farm Board. The Board purchased agricultural surpluses, hoping to stabilize agriculture prices.
76
Federal Farm Board
The Agricultural Marketing Act, passed in 1929, was designed to help the farmers by setting up the Federal Farm Board. The Board purchased agricultural surpluses, hoping to stabilize agriculture prices.
77
Grain Stabilization Corporation
The Board created the Grain Stabilization Corporation and the Cotton Stabilization Corporation, which also purchased surpluses.
78
Cotton Stabilization Corporation
The Board created the Grain Stabilization Corporation and the Cotton Stabilization Corporation, which also purchased surpluses.
79
Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930
The Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930 was intended to be a mild tariff, but Congress tacked on several amendments, turning it into a bill that raised the tariff to 60%. This was the nation's highest protective tariff during peacetime.
80
stock market crashed
The stock market crashed in October 1929. It was partially triggered by the British, who raised their interest rates in an effort to bring back capital lured abroad by American investments. The British needed money, and they were unable to trade with the United States due the high tariffs.
81
Black Tuesday
On "Black Tuesday" of October 29, 1929, millions of stocks were sold in a panic. By the end of 1929, two months after the initial crash, stockholders had lost $40 billion.
82
Great Depression.
One of the main causes of the Great Depression was overproduction by farms and factories
83
drought
In the 1930s, a drought scorched the Mississippi Valley, causing thousands of farms to be sold.
84
Hoovervilles
Hoovervilles: a nickname for tin-and-paper shantytowns.
85
public works.
President Hoover convinced Congress to allocate $2.25 billion for useful public works.
86
Muscle Shoals Bill
He vetoed the Muscle Shoals Bill, which was designed to dam the Tennessee River and sell government-produced electricity in competition with citizens in private companies.
87
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
In 1932, Congress created the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC), which lent money to insurance companies, banks, agricultural organizations, railroads, and state and local governments.
88
Norris-La Guardia Anti-Injunction Act in 1932,
Congress passed the Norris-La Guardia Anti-Injunction Act in 1932, which outlawed antiunion contracts and barred federal courts from stopping strikes, boycotts, and peaceful picketing.
89
"Bonus Expeditionary Force"
Veterans of WWI were hit hard by the Great Depression. The "Bonus Expeditionary Force" (BEF) converged on the Capitol in the summer of 1932. They demanded that Congress fully pay the deferred bonus that Congress had passed in 1924 (the payment was supposed to be paid in 1945).
90
Japanese imperialists,
In September 1931, Japanese imperialists, seeing that the West was bogged down in the Great Depression, invaded the Chinese province of Manchuria.
91
Henry L. Stimson
In 1932, Secretary of State Henry L. Stimson decided to only diplomatically attack the Japanese. He issued the Stimson doctrine, which declared that the United States would not recognize any territory acquired by force. Japan ignored the doctrine and moved onto Shanghai in 1932. The violence continued without the League of Nation's intervention.
92
Stimson doctrine
In 1932, Secretary of State Henry L. Stimson decided to only diplomatically attack the Japanese. He issued the Stimson doctrine, which declared that the United States would not recognize any territory acquired by force. Japan ignored the doctrine and moved onto Shanghai in 1932. The violence continued without the League of Nation's intervention.

Apsuh (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions