chapter 34 Flashcards
(32 cards)
diffusion
how small non polar cells move between other cells in their immediate surroundings
circulatory system has three components
circulatory fluid, interconnecting vessels, the heart
open circulatory system
circulatory fluid bathes organ directly
hemolymph
general body fluid
closed circulatory system
the circulatory fluid called blood is confined to vessels and is distinct from interstitial fluid
arteries
branch into arterioles and carry blood away from the heart to capillaries
capillary beds
sites of chemical exchange between the blood and interstitial fluid
venules
converge into veins and return blood from capillaries to the heart
atrium
where blood enters
ventricle
where blood is pumped out of
single circulation
blood leaving the heart passes through two capillary beds before returning
double circulation
oxygen poor blood flows through pulmonary circuit to pick up oxygen through the lungs. oxygen rich blood delivers oxygen through the systemic circuit
cardiac cycle
one complete sequence of pumping and filling
atrioventricular valves (AV)
separate each atrium and ventricle
semilunar valves
control blood flow to the aorta and the pulmonary artery
systole
the contraction phase of the cycle
diastole
the relaxation phase of the cycle
lymphatic system
returns fluid called lymph that leaks out from the capillary beds
lymph nodes
organs that filter lymph and play an important role in the body’s defense
RBCs (erythrocytes)
transport O2 with hemoglobin
plates
a third cellular element. involved in clotting
WBCs (leukocytes)
function in immune defense
atherosclerosis
is caused by the buildup of fatty deposits within arteries
heart attack
is the death of cardiac muscle tissue resulting from blockage of coronary arteries
