Chapter 35

Question 1

Cardiovascular system

Answer 1

a collection of organs that transport blood throughout the body

-made up of heart, blood vessels, and blood

Question 2

a chamber that receives blood that is returning to the heart

Answer 2

atrium

Question 3

one of the two large, muscular chambers that pump blood out of the heart

Answer 3

ventricle

Question 4

the rhythmic pressure of the blood against the walls of a vessle, particularly an artery

Answer 4

pulse

Question 5

a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to the body’s organs

Answer 5

artery

Question 6

a tiny blood vessel that allows an exchange between blood and cells in tissue

Answer 6

capillary

Question 7

a vessel that carries blood to the heart

Answer 7

vein

Question 8

the liquid component of blood

Answer 8

plasma

Question 9

a disc-shaped cell that has no nucleus, that contains hemoglobin, and that transports oxygen in the circulatory system

Answer 9

red blood cell (RBC)

Question 10

a type of cell in the blood that destroys pathogens and helps the body develop immunities

Answer 10

white blood cell (WBC)

Question 11

a fragment of a cell that is needed to form blood clots

Answer 11

platelet

Question 12

the force that blood exerts on the walls of the arteries

Answer 12

blood pressure

Question 13

the death of heart tissue due to a blockage of their blood supply

Answer 13

heart attack

Question 14

a sudden loss of consciousness or paralysis that occurs when the blood flow to the brain is interrupted

Answer 14

stroke

Question 15

the hardening and narrowing of the arteries

Answer 15

arteriosclerosis

Question 16

the passage from the mouth to the larynx and esophagus

Answer 16

pharynx

Question 17

the area of the throat that contains the vocal cords and produces vocal sounds

(a.k.a. voice box)

Answer 17

larynx

Question 18

the tube that connects the larynx to the lungs

Answer 18

trachea

Question 19

one of the two tubes that connect the lungs with the trachea

Answer 19

bronchus

Question 20

any of the tiny air sacs of the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged

Answer 20

alveolus

Question 21

a dome-shaped muscle that is attached to the lower ribs and that functions as the main muscle in respiration

Answer 21

diaphragm

Question 22

What type of vessel leads away from the heart?

Answer 22

artery

Question 23

What circuit (or loop) carries blood between the heart and lungs?

Answer 23

pulmonary

Question 24

Which part of the blood carries oxygen?

Answer 24

red blood cells

Question 25

What is the top number on the blood pressure reading?

Answer 25

systolic

Question 26

What are the upper chambers of the heart called?

Answer 26

atria

Question 27

What is also known as the voice box?

Answer 27

larynx

Question 28

What is the liquid part of the blood?

Answer 28

plasma

Question 29

Which muscle is most important for breathing?

Answer 29

diaphragm

Question 30

What is the #1 cause of death in the United States?

Answer 30

cardiovascular disease

Question 31

What condition occurs when a blood vessel supplying the brain id blocked?

Answer 31

stroke

Question 32

Which part of the blood helps to stop blood loss?

Answer 32

platlets

Question 33

When a person's blood pressure is above 120/80 they have...

Answer 33

hypertension

Question 34

Steps of the respiratory system?

Answer 34

``` mouth pharynx larynx trachea bronchi bronchioles alveoli capillaries ```

Question 35

the circulatory system

Answer 35

``` heart arteries arterioles capillaries venules veins ```

Question 36

Steps of the blood flow through the heart and body

Answer 36

``` right atrium right ventricle pulmonary artery lungs pulmonary veins left atrium left ventricle aorta ```

Question 37

Where are nutrients and oxygen exchanged between the blood and tissues?

Answer 37

a. veins b. venules c. arteries d. capillaries

Question 38

Which of these disorders is common among smokers?

Answer 38

lung cancer

Question 39

What wall divides the left ventricle from the right ventricle?

Answer 39

septum

Question 40

What part of the heart prevents back flow of blood?

Answer 40

valves

Question 41

What are the air sacs in the lungs?

Answer 41

a. trachea b. alveoli c. bronchi d. bronchioles

Question 42

What can decrease risk for cardiovascular disease?

Answer 42

healthy diet exercise don't smoke

Question 43

What is normal blood pressure?

Answer 43

120/80

Question 44

What is a part of inhalation?

Answer 44

- diaphram contracts - increase chest volume - external air rushes in

Question 45

What is part of exhalation?

Answer 45

- diaphragm relaxes - decrease volume of chest - air forced out of lungs

Question 46

Which is the only artery that contains oxygen-poor blood?

Answer 46

pulmonary

Question 47

The trachea splits into...

Answer 47

bronchi

Question 48

Which part of the blood helps fight infections?

Answer 48

White blood cells

Question 49

The heart vessels, and blood make up the __ system

Answer 49

cardiovascular

Question 50

which parts of the heart signals the heart to beat?

Answer 50

ventricles

Question 51

What part of the heart pumps blood out of the heart?

Answer 51

ventricles

Question 52

Smoking increases the risk of ...

Answer 52

-stroke -emphysema -arteriosclerosis -lung cancer and more

Question 53

vessels which carry blood away from the heart

Answer 53

arteries

Question 54

vessels which carry blood toward the heart

Answer 54

veins

Question 55

tiny blood vessels with walls that are only one cell thick

Answer 55

capillaries

Question 56

thick wall that divides the heart into two sides

Answer 56

septum

Question 57

upper chambers of the heart that recieve blood

Answer 57

atria

Question 58

lower chambers of the heart that pump blood out of the heart

Answer 58

ventricles

Question 59

valve between right atrium and right ventricle

Answer 59

tricuspid

Question 60

the only artery in the body rich in carbon dioxide

Answer 60

puliminary

Question 61

the only vein in the body rich in oxygen

Answer 61

pulminary