Chapter 8

Question 1

What is the solute?

Answer 1

Substance that is dissolved

Question 2

What is the solvent?

Answer 2

Substance that does the dissolving

Question 3

A difference in concentration is called…

Answer 3

Gradient

Question 4

Which form of diffusion requires channel or carrier proteins?

Answer 4

Fracilitated

Question 5

Which direction do particles move during diffusion

Answer 5

Down concentration gradient; high to low

Question 6

True or false?

Passive transport requires energy from the cell

Answer 6

False

Question 7

True or false?

Osmosis is an example of passive transport?

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What type of environment has a higher concentration than the cell?

Answer 8

Hypertonic

Question 9

Which direction will water flow in an isotonic solution?

Answer 9

In and out of cell

Question 10

Which type of has a lower concentration than the cell?

Answer 10

Hypotonic

Question 11

What happens to cells in hypotonic solutions?

Answer 11

Swell

Question 12

What is it called when cells shrink as a result of osmosis

Answer 12

Crenation

Question 13

The effect of a hypotonic solution on a cell?

Answer 13

Burst/swell

Question 14

The name for the 2 layer structure?

Answer 14

Lipid bilayer

Question 15

Direction water flows in isotonic?

Answer 15

In and out

Question 16

This type f protein identifies cells

Answer 16

Cell surface markers

Question 17

Chemical signal produced by cells and transported by the blood

Answer 17

Hormone

Question 18

Ion can be moved against the concentration gradient by these

Answer 18

Pumps

Question 19

What is diffusion?

Answer 19

The movement of substances down a concentration gradient

Question 20

Molecule that helps stabilize phosolipida

Answer 20

Cholesterol

Question 21

2 ways send signals through body

Answer 21

Nerves and chemicals

Question 22

Type of protein is attached to the inside or outside of the membrane

Answer 22

Peri feral

Question 23

Protein that helps start chemical reactions in the cell

Answer 23

Enzymes

Question 24

What is equilibrium?

Answer 24

When the space is filled evenly

Question 25

Passive transport

Answer 25

No energy | High to low

Question 26

Active transport

Answer 26

``` Needs energy (ATP) Low to high ```

Question 27

Transport substances that fit within their binding site

Answer 27

Carrier protein

Question 28

Ions, sugars, and amino acids diffuse through...

Answer 28

Channel proteins

Question 29

Osmosis

Answer 29

Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

Question 30

Movement of a large substance into a cell by a vesicle

Answer 30

Endocytosis

Question 31

Movement of material out of a cell by a vesicle

Answer 31

Exocytosis

Question 32

Phagoctosis

Answer 32

Solid

Question 33

Pintocyrosis

Answer 33

Liquid

Question 34

Diffusion directly through the membrane

Answer 34

Simple

Question 35

Diffusion with carrier and channel proteins

Answer 35

Facilitated

Question 36

Response to specific signals is made possible by...

Answer 36

Receptor proteins

Question 37

Acts as a signal molecule within the cell; causes charges in the cytoplasm and nucleus

Answer 37

Second messenger

Question 38

A cell may respond to a signal by...

Answer 38

1. Changing its membrane permeability 2. Activating enzymes 3. Forming a second messenger

Question 39

Receptor protein has a unique shape called?

Answer 39

Binding site