Chapter 4

Question 1

Much of what is known about cell biology, cancer and genetics of cancer is from research on…

Answer 1

HeLa Cells

Question 2

groups of similar cells

Answer 2

Tissue

Question 3

responds to stimuli, sends signals

Answer 3

nervous tissue

Question 4

contracts and moves body parts

Answer 4

muscle tissue

Question 5

tightly packed cells, protects body from injury, regulates exchange between internal and external

Answer 5

characteristics of epithelial tissue

Question 6

one layer of cells and a basement membrane

Answer 6

simple

Question 7

more than one layer of cells

Answer 7

stratified

Question 8

flat, scale like

Answer 8

squamous

Question 9

equal in height and width

Answer 9

cuboidal

Question 10

taller than wide

Answer 10

columnar

Question 11

Filters, diffuses, osmosis

Answer 11

simple squamous epithelium

Question 12

Protection from abrasion, protection from water loss, in skin

Answer 12

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 13

Lining of esophagus outer layer is living and moist

Answer 13

non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 14

found in kidneys, secretion and absorption

Answer 14

simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 15

found in digestive system, protects, secretes, absorbs

Answer 15

simple columnar epithelium

Question 16

protein sheet secreted by epithelial cells

Answer 16

basal lamina

Question 17

basement membrane contains these two parts

Answer 17

basal lamina, reticular fibers

Question 18

can expand from 6 layers thick to 3 layers thick, found in bladder

Answer 18

Transitional epithelium

Question 19

outer layer is dead and dry

Answer 19

keratinized

Question 20

outer layer is living and moist

Answer 20

non-keratinized

Question 21

these secrete mucus

Answer 21

goblet cells

Question 22

lines respiratory tract

Answer 22

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Question 23

release hormones internally into bloodstream

Answer 23

endocrine glands

Question 24

have ducts outside the body, puts products onto skin

Answer 24

exocrine glands

Question 25

increase surface area absorption or secretion

Answer 25

microvilli

Question 26

moves materials across surface

Answer 26

cilia

Question 27

study of cells

Answer 27

cytology

Question 28

study of tissues

Answer 28

histology

Question 29

composed of organic ground substance with fibers and proteins, varies from solid to fluid, small numbers of cells

Answer 29

Extracellular Matrix

Question 30

gives fibres flexibility and strength

Answer 30

collagen fibers

Question 31

not as strong but more flexible, important in blood vessels and luings

Answer 31

elastin fibers

Question 32

very thin, highly branched, form delicate support networks

Answer 32

reticular fibers

Question 33

found between muscles, glands nerves; beneath skin

Answer 33

aerolar connective tissue

Question 34

infection that results in death of body's soft tissue

Answer 34

narcotizing fasciitis

Question 35

found beneath skin, insulates, fat storage and cushioning, little ECM

Answer 35

adipose tissues

Question 36

parallel matrix of collagen fibers, tendons, ligaments, aponeuroses, binds organs together and poorly vasculalized

Answer 36

dense regular CT

Question 37

found in skin, very strong bundle of fibers going in opposite directions

Answer 37

dense irregular CT

Question 38

cartilage cells, in a collagen matrix that provides flexibility, support and strength

Answer 38

chondrocytes

Question 39

strong, durable, flexible, in ends of long bones, anterior ends of ribs. Supports and protects

Answer 39

hyaline cartilage

Question 40

Many elastic fibers as well as collagen, external ears, epiglottis

Answer 40

Elastic cartilage

Question 41

matrix with strong collagen fibers, absorbs shock, intervertebral discs, knees

Answer 41

fibrocartilage

Question 42

in bones of skeleton, cells arranged in cylindrical manner around a central canal, support, protection and mineral storage

Answer 42

compact bone

Question 43

Collagen plus calcium calts, arranged in trabeculae

Answer 43

spongy bone

Question 44

striated and cylindrical, voluntary control

Answer 44

skeletal muscle tissue

Question 45

non-striated, spindle-shaped, walls of hollow organs

Answer 45

smooth muscle tissue

Question 46

striated, cylindrical and branched

Answer 46

cardiac muscle tissue

Question 47

send and receive input throughout the body

Answer 47

neurons

Question 48

support cells to neurons

Answer 48

glial cells

Question 49

epithelial tissue, lines interior walls of organs and tubes that open to outside of body

Answer 49

mucous membrane

Question 50

smooth squamous cells over loose CT, lines cavities and organs.

Answer 50

serous membrane

Question 51

lines freely movable joints

Answer 51

synovial membrane

Question 52

composed only of CT, serve as protective covering for brain and spinal cord

Answer 52

meninges

Question 53

skin, outer covering of body

Answer 53

cutaneous membranes

Question 54

new cells are the same as those lost, damaged site may be completely repaired

Answer 54

regeneration

Question 55

new type of tissue development causing scar production and loss of function

Answer 55

replacement

Question 56

uncontrolled growth, caused by DNA damage. grows at cost of surrounding tissues, can metastasize

Answer 56

characteristics of cancer

Question 57

piece breaks off and is mobilized by blood stream or lymphatic system, may grow in another organ

Answer 57

metastases

Question 58

when cancer cells create blood vessels to feed itself

Answer 58

angiogenesis

Question 59

cell suicide

Answer 59

apoptosis

Question 60

CT cancer

Answer 60

sarcoma

Question 61

arising from epithelial tissue, if it has broken BM, it's more severe

Answer 61

carcinoma

Question 62

arises from immune system

Answer 62

lymphona

Question 63

arises from immature blood cells

Answer 63

leukemia

Question 64

cancer arising from glandular tissue

Answer 64

adenocarcinoma

Question 65

connective tissue in the skin that provides O2 and nutrients to epithelium

Answer 65

dermis