Chapter 5

Question 1

What is an organism that produces organic molecules by acquiring carbon from inorganic sources; a primary producer

Answer 1

autotroph

Question 2

What is an organism that obtains carbon and energy by eating another organism; a consumer

Answer 2

hetetroph

Question 3

What is the biochemical reaction that enables organism to harness sunlight energy to manufacture organic molecules

Answer 3

photosynthesis

Question 4

What is the term for electrons being removed from an atom

Answer 4

Oxidation

Question 5

what is the term of electrions being added to an atom

Answer 5

reduction

Question 6

What is the range of naturally occuring radiation

Answer 6

electromagnetic spectrum

Question 7

What is the packet of light or other electromagnetic radiation

Answer 7

photon

Question 8

What is the distance a photon moves during a complete vibration

Answer 8

wavelegth

Question 9

What is the green pigment that plant, algae, and cyanobacteria use to harness the energy in sunlight

Answer 9

chlorophyll a

Question 10

What is the photosynthetic pigment that extends the range of light wavelengths useful in photosynthesis

Answer 10

accessory pigment

Question 11

What is the pore in a plan’s epidermis through which gases are exchanged with the atmosphere

Answer 11

Stoma (stomata)

Question 12

What is the photosynthetic tissue in a leaf’s interior

Answer 12

mesophyll

Question 13

What is the organelle housing the reactions of photosynthesis in eukaryotes

Answer 13

chloroplast

Question 14

What is the fluid inner region of the chloroplast

Answer 14

stroma

Question 15

What is a stack of flattened thyalkoid discs in a chloroplast

Answer 15

granum

Question 16

What is the pancake-shaped structure that makes up the inner membrane of a chloroplast

Answer 16

thylakoid

Question 17

What is the cluster of pigment molecules and proteins in a chloroplast’s thylakoid membrane

Answer 17

photosystem

Question 18

What is a molecule of chlorophyll a that participates in the light reactions of photosynthesis

Answer 18

reaction center

Question 19

What is the photosynthetic pigment that passes photon energy to the reaction center of a photosystem

Answer 19

antenna pigment

Question 20

What is the photosynthetic reactions that harvest light energy and store it in molecules of ATP or NADPH

Answer 20

light reactions

Question 21

What is a molecule whose high-energy phosphate bonds power many biological processes

Answer 21

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Question 22

What is the coenzyme that carries electrons in photosynthesis

Answer 22

NADPH

Question 23

What are the reactions of photosynthesis that use ATP and NADPH to synthesize carbohydrates from CO2

Answer 23

Carbon reactions

Question 24

What is the membrane-bound molecular complex that shuttles electrons to slowly extract their energy

Answer 24

electron transport chain

Question 25

What is the enzyme complex that admits protons through a membrane, triggering the phosphorylation of ADP to APT

Answer 25

ATP synthase

Question 26

What is the reaction that produces ATP using ATP synthase and the potentional energy of a proton gradient

Answer 26

chemiosmotic phosphorylation

Question 27

What is the metabolic pathway that uses NADPH and ATP to assemble CO2 molecules into a three-carbon carbohydrate molecule

Answer 27

Calvin Cycle

Question 28

What is the five-carbon molecule that reacts with CO2 in the Calvin cycle

Answer 28

ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)

Question 29

What is the carbon fixation pathway in which CO2 is incorporated into a three-carbon carbohydrate

Answer 29

C3 pathway

Question 30

A metabolic pathway in which rubisco reacts with 02 instead of CO2, counteracting photosynthesis

Answer 30

photorespiration

Question 31

What is the carbon fixation pathway in which CO2 combines with a three-carbon molecule to form a four-carbon compound

Answer 31

C4 pathway

Question 32

What is the thick-walled plant cell surrounding veins

Answer 32

Bundle-sheath cell

Question 33

What is the carbon fixation that occurs at night; CO2 is later released for use in the Calvin cycle during the day

Answer 33

CAM pathway