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History Y9 > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

The Second world war lasted from when til when?

A

1939 to 1945

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2
Q

How many estimated men , women and children were killed during the second world war?

A

more than 50 million

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3
Q

On 1 September 1939, What did Germany do

A

Germany invaded POland

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4
Q

On which date did Germany invade Poland

A

1 September 1939

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5
Q

Describe the method of fighting called Blitzkrieg

A

Blitzkrieg involved fast-moving tanks supported by infantry soldiers and dive-bomber attacks

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6
Q

Describe how did Germany defeat Poland during the invasion

A

Parachutists were dropped behind enemy lines the night before to destroy Polish defensive positions and cut their telephone wires.

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7
Q

When was Poland defeated by Germany

A

by the end of September

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8
Q

Why didn’t Britain and France stop the invasion of Poland since they promised to protect Poland

A

They were too far away to stop the invasion.

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9
Q

In the spring of 1940, Germany attacked which countries?

A

Germany attacked France, Denmark, Norway , the Netherlands and Belgium

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10
Q

How did the British, French and Belgian troops escape from Dunkirk to England during Germany’s attack in 1940

A

They escape in a fleet of yachts, paddle steamers, warships, and even rowing boats.

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11
Q

Why Britain stood alone without any powerful European allies by the end of 1940

A

As a result of Germany attacks

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12
Q

What did Hitler want to do to complete his domination of Europe

A

Hitler prepared an invasion force to invade Britain

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13
Q

Before Hitler could transport his troops across the English Channel to invade Britain, what did he have to do

A

Hitler had to destroy Britain’s air force and began a series of air raids on military air bases in southern England.

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14
Q

What was known as the Battle of Britain?

A

The British air force fighting back with Germany and the skies over Kent, Surrey,Sussex and Essex were a mass of aeroplanes

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15
Q

What did Hitler do when the Germans lost the battle against Britain over the skies

A

Hitler launched night bombing raids on major British cities, hoping to force Britain to surrender.

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16
Q

Germans lost the battle against Britain over the skies and Hitler launched night bombing raids on British cities, hoping to force Britain to surrender. This period of intense bombing became known as?

A

the Blitz

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17
Q

on which date did Germany, Italy and Japan signed the Tripartite Pact?

A

27 September 1940

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18
Q

Germany, Italy and Japan became known as the Axis Powers, which countries joined them later on

A

Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria and Croatia

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19
Q

What were Stuka

A

dive bombers that destroy enemy forces on the ground and blow up enemy strongholds.

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20
Q

What were Paratroopers

A

Soldiers that drop behind enemy lines and seize bridges and key roads, cut telephone lines

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21
Q

When did Germany attack USSR?

A

in June 1941

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22
Q

what was the code name of the attack Germany launched on USSR in June 1941?

A

Operation Barbarossa

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23
Q

When did Japan enter the war when Germany attacked USSR

A

at the end of 1941

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24
Q

Why did Japanese enter the war in 1941

A

In an attempt to knock out America’s navy in one go

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25
Where did Japan launched a surprise attack on America?
Japan launched a surprise attack on the great US naval base of Pearl Harbor in Hawaii.
26
What caused USA to declare war on Japan and its allies?
Japan launched a surprise attack on US naval base of Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. Thousands of American soldiers were killed and dozens of US fighter planes and warships were destroyed
27
Did Japan or America win after going war with each other?
Japan
28
After Japan won victory after victory against America, which colonies of the British did the Japanese troops seize?
Japanese troops seized the British colonies of Hong Kong, Malaya and Burma.
29
What was the new method of fighting that Germany used on Poland called
Blitzkrieg
30
Which colony of Indo-China did the Japanese seize?
French
31
When was the Battle of Midway?
June 1941
32
Describe what happened during The Battle of Midway June 1942?
In the Pacific Ocean, the Japanese were beaten by US forces in the air and sea battle at Midway Island. The Americans began to drive them back island by island.
33
Which area was also called Pacific war?
The area where US forces beat the Japanese in the air and sea battle at Midway Island.
34
When was the Battle of Stalingard
July 1942- February 1943
35
Describe what happened during the Battle of Stalingrad July 1942- February 1943
In the USSR, after months of fighting in the city of Stalingrad, a large number of the German army surrendered. Soviet forces pushed the Germany army out of USSR and back towards Germany. British had American bombers began air raids on Germany.
36
When was the El Alamein
October- November 1942
37
Describe what Happened during El Alamein October - November 1942
In Egypt of North Africa, British troops defeated the Germans with the help of USA at El Alamein. They drove the Germans out of North Africa and invaded Italy.
38
Who called El Alamein 'the turning point of the war'
British war leader Winston Churchill
39
when was D-Day
6 June 1944
40
By April 1945, what did British and US forces do when they were along the way moving quickly towards Berlin?
They freed villages, towns and countries from German occupation.
41
Which countries were included in the Allies that fought against the Axis Powers
Britain,France,Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India , the Soviet Union , China and the USA
42
What happened when the British and American invaded Italy at full swing
Italian forces surrendered and their leader Benito Mussolini was captured and shot.
43
Describe what happened on D-Day 6 June 1944
British, American and other Allied troops landed on beaches in Normandy. There was brutal fighting on the beaches and in French countryside. The Allies advanced and the Germans were pushed back.
44
By April 1945, which country's armies were advancing towards Berlin while British and US forces were also advancing towards Berlin?
the Russian armies
45
Where did Hitler and his closest followers retreat to when the German army was being beaten in battle after battle and food supplies in major German towns were running short?
Hitler and his closest followers retreated to a special underground bunker under Berlin's streets.
46
What was the day that Hitler killed himself?
30 April
47
Germany surrendered and the war was over in Europe. True or False?
True
48
After Europe came victorious, it mean't that more Allied troops can be sent to fight the Japanese. However, before the troops arrived, what was the decision of the US President?
US President made the decision to drop two nuclear bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
49
Which was the two Japanese cities that US dropped nuclear bombs on?
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
50
When did Japanese surrender in World War 2?
14 August
51
Why did Japanese surrender during the World War 2?
Japanese did not want to face the complete destruction of their islands.
52
When war began in September 1939, British troops crossed the English Channel and advanced into France for what?
British troops crossed the English Channel and advanced into France to help the French prepare for a German attack.
53
What caused nearly half a million British, French and Belgian soldiers to become trapped between the sea and the advancing Germans?
When German troops invaded France, they pushed the Allied troops back towards the Channel. This trapped them at the coast.
54
At the last moment,the British government organised a huge rescue operation for the troops trapped at the coast known as what?
Operation Dynamo
55
What was the plan for Operation Dynamo?
to evacuate the troops to Britain using warships.
56
What request was made for the evacuations of the troops that was trapped at the coast?
A request was made to ordinary citizens to help the evacuation using their own small boats, paddle steamers, fishing boats, yachts and even rowing boats
57
Between 26 May and 4 June, over 800 boats rescued around 200k British and 140k French and Belgian troops that were trapped from where?
From the beaches of Dunkirk.
58
How many British , French and Belgian troops were rescued from the beaches of Dunkirk?
200k British and 140k French and Belgian troops.
59
At the height of the German advance towards Dunkirk, why did Hitler suddenly ordered the German army to stop.
Hitler might have been unhappy with one of his generals who had ordered the attacks. Hitler might have stopped the attack to show that he was in charge.
60
How did soldiers for Indian Army use their animals to support the evacuation?
Indian soldiers used their animals to transport supplies, weapons and ammunition over ground that British trucks couldn't navigate.
61
In July 1940, serious planning began for a German invasion of Britain. What is the code name for it?
Operation Sealion
62
What was the aim for Operation Sealion?
The aim was to get German soldiers onto British soil by the end of August.
63
For Operation Sealion to have any chance of success, What was Hitler's belief?
Hitler knew he had to destroy Britain's Royal Air Force(RAF). He believed that if the Luftwaffe(German air force) could win control of the skies, if would be far easier for German ships to transport soldiers over the English Channel to begin the land invasion of Britain. If the RAF was destroyed, British planes could not attack Germany's troop ships.
64
On July 16, Hitler signed top secret plans to begin the preparations for the invasion of Britain. Summarize Hitler's invasion plans , July 1940
It states that since Britain shows no signs of being ready to come to an understanding, Hitler decided to prepare a landing operation against Britain. The aim of the operation will be to eliminate the British homeland as their base for the war against Germany and occupy it. -Hitler's troops will launch a surprise attack -to reduce the British Air Force to prevent any significant attack against the German crossing -It states that the British Navy must be attacked by air and torpedo assaults -It also states that Hitler will be in overall command.
65
Throughout summer of 1940, German and British pilots fought each other in the Battle of Britain. What were the disadvantages for Britain?
-Britain had less fighter planes -It took British planes a long time to take off but a short time for German planes to cross the Channel from France -Many British pilots were part-timers and had not received the same level of training.
66
Why was the invasion Hitler had planned to set on Britain delayed?
Poor Weather Conditions
67
What were the 2 main planes of the RAF (Royal Air Force) In the Battle of Britain?
1.Hawker Hurricane 2.SuperMarine Spitfire
68
Describe the Hawker Hurricane
Had a max speed of 528kph Weapons: Eight machine guns mounted on wings Crew:Pilot only Recognition: A short,sturdy plane with wooden body that could turn sharply and take alot of damage.
69
The Hawker Hurricane was most common RAF fighter and shot down more German aircraft than the Spitfire. Is the statement true or false?
True?
70
Describe the SuperMarine SpitFire
Max Speed of 583 kph Weapons: Eight machine guns mounted on wings Crew:Pilot only Recognition: Sleek and beautiful, one of the most famous planes. Fast, handled extremely well.
71
Describe the Messerschmitt Bf 19
Max speed of 575kph Weapons: Two machine guns mounted on the engine and two cannons on the wings Crew:Pilot only Recognition: Fast, Sharp like plane. Most deadly and feared plane.
72
What were the 3 main planes of the Luftwaffe in the Battle of Britain?
1.Messerschmitt BF 109 2.Messerschmitt BF 110 3.HeinKel He III
73
Describe the Messerschmitt BF 110
Max Speed of 562 kph Weapons: four machine guns and two cannons in the nose, one rear-machine gun in cockpit. Crew:Pilot and gunner Recognition: Heavily armed and able to fly long distances, this plane was slow and clumsy to turn.
74
Describe the Heinkel He III
Max speed of 398kph Weapons: Three machine guns in the nose, top and belly. 2000kg of bombs Crew: Pilot, gunner and bomb-aimer
75
Germans were only making 150 new planes a month while the British were producing over 550. True of False?
True
76
Did Britain fail or suceed in defeating the RAF by mid- September?
fail
77
The RAF pilots who fought in the Battle of Britain became known as?
'Few'
78
What technology did British use against the Germans causes problems for the enemy planes?
Brand new radar technology were used by British to detect enemy planes before they reached Britain.

History Y9 (10 decks)

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