Chapter 1 Flashcards
(51 cards)
Which country had been the first country in the world to have industrial revolution?
Britain
When did Queen Victoria die?
22 January 1901
How long had Queen Victoria been a queen?
63 years
Who became King after Queen Victoria’s reign?
Her son King Edward VII
Britain’s royal family was directly connected to rulers of which countries?
Russia,Germany,Spain,Norway,Denmark,Sweden,Greece and Romania.
What was Britain like by 1901?
Britain’s population was around 40 million and around 80 percent lived in towns and cities.
While some people in Britain were very wealthy, and many had enough money to live comfortably, a huge number of people were still very poor.
The wealthier people of Britain lived a life of luxury.They owned land and homes and many didn’t have to work because they made money out of investments and rents.
Majority earned just enough to get by from working in factories, mills or shipyards. Some earned nowhere near to feed their familities. Injured and sick paid for their own medical care
Who made the first successful petrol-driven vehicle and when.
In 1885, Karl Benz. A german
Who made the first four-wheeled petrol-driven car and when.
In 1886, GottlieB Daimler. A german
Describe the first successful petrol-driven vehicle invented by Karl Benz in 1885
It had three wheels and could reach speeds of up to 10mph
Who made the Ford Model T and when
an American called Henry Ford in 1908
Explain the Ford Motor Company production process
It was based in Detroit, USA. It made over one million Model Ts by the end of 1915.
Ford used state-of-the-art techniques in his factory to mass-produce the cars on an assembly line.
They would pass in front of the workers on a conveyor belt and each person would have an individual job to do. The cars were made quickly and cheaply.
Information on the first manned powered flight.
IT was made by Orville Wright on 17 December 1903, in North Carolina, USA.
It lasted 12 seconds and he flew a distance of 37m.
Orville Wright built the aeroplane with his brother Wilbur.
How was communications after 1901
The telephone and the radio became increasingly popular after 1901.
By the 1920s, they were two of the most popular household items. They spread news quickly and enabled business to be done at a faster rate.
How was the development of consumer goods after 1901?
Inventions such as vacuum cleaners,electric irons
And consumer goods such as wristwatches,phonographs and cameras became widespread after 1901
How did people amuse themselves after 1901
Sport remained a popular activity such as football,cricket,rugby,tennis and golf.
Going to the pub was popular.There was also the growth of the cinema and movie stars such as Charlie Chaplin,Rudolf Valentino,Buster Keaton and Mary Pickford.
Later, cartoon characters such as Mickey and Minnie Mouse,Donald Duck and Pluto became well known too.
What did Charles Booth discover?
nearly one third of the Londoners were so poor that they didn’t have enough money to eat properly despite having full-time jobs.
what were the reasons that nearly one third of all men who volunteered to join the army failed their medical examination
because they were too small,too thin , too ill or had poor eyesight.
In the early 1900s, what were the reasons for hundreds of schoolchildren reported suffering
Schoolchildren were reported as suffering from a disease or poor diet. Many children were not getting a good diet because their parents couldn’t afford it or they didn’t know much about the benefits of healthy eating.
Calling a doctor costs money in the early 1900s. So parents rarely did unless they were desperate.A poor child was 9 cm shorter than a rich child of the same age
Who were David Lloyd George and Winston Churchill
They were both members of the Liberal Party which won the general election in 1906. They were commited to introducing measures to fight poverty, improve the lives of ordinary people, and raise the general level of public health.
In 1906, the newly elected Liberal government brought in a series of new laws. What is it called and what is the purpose?
It is called the ‘Liberal Reforms’. It is based on ideas and measures to help some of the most vulnerable people in society
What is the purpose of School Meals Act of 1906?
It allowed local councils to provide free school meals for the poorest children.
What measures were taken to protect young people
The School Meals Act of 1906 allowed local councils to provide free school meals for the poorest children while other measures also involve free medical checks and treatment.
As well as ‘Children’s Carter’
What are the rules of The Children’s Carter
-Children are ‘protected persons’- parents can be prosecuted if they are cruel to them
-Inspectors are to regularly visit any children who have been neglected in the past
-All children’s homes are to be regularly inspected
-Youth courts and young offenders’ homes are to keep young criminals away from older ones
-Children under 14 are not allowed in pubs
-Shopkeepers cannot sell cigarettes to children under 16
What are the other reforms the new Liberal government moved on to after helping children?
The new Liberal government moved on to help other vulnerable sections of society. It introduced unemployment benefit, sickness benefit and pensions for the elderly.
It opened Britain’s first job centres and banned the building of overcrowded back-to-back housing- so fewer people would have to live in a crowded,filthy slums.
The Liberal Reforms also established that is was the responsibility of government to look after people who could not look after themselves
