Chapter 7 Flashcards
(67 cards)
The British Empire began to break apart and more and more countries wanted to cut ties with Britain and rule themselves 50 years after the end of Victoria’s reign.
Why?
After years of fighting, the country’s wealth was nearly gone and Britain needed to borrow money for debt.
Britain had not been trading on other countries because it focused on winning the waar.
As a result, other countries found new nations to trade with and developed their own industries.
How did Britain try to recover it’s strenght after going bankrupt from the Second World War
Britain got huge loans from the USA.
By the end of the Second World war, what did other Britain colonies demand?
Other British Colonoies were demanding the right to rule themselves.
What were the countries that played an important role in Britain’s victory in world war.
Canada, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa.
Why did Britain just let countries to go and rule themselves?
Britain no longer had the military strength or the wealth to hold onto them.
What did many British people feel about Britain after the war?
many British people felt that rebuilding Britain was far more of a priority than holding on to colonies in distant lands.
Why did some British colonies demand to rule themselves? (REASON 1)
Africans and Indians fought for Britain and felt they were fighting to defend freedom for Britain
but they were frustrated that their own countries are not free.
That thought it made no sense to stop Germans from occupying other countries but not fight to stop Britain from occupying theirs.
Why did some British colonies demand to rule themselves? (REASON 2)
As ideas about democracy, freedom and nationalism spread around the world, many people in the colonies began to demand independence.
Why did some British colonies demand to rule themselves? (REASON 3)
Cultures and achievements of Africa and Asia had been important before Europeans had taken over.
many people in colonies were proud of their culture and wanted to celebrate their own traditions- only be done if the British left.
Which were the first and second colonies that gain independence the fastest after the decline of British empire?
India then Africa
Who was Cecil Rhodes? Why were statues of him built in many colonies?
Cecil Rhodes was a key figure in expanding Britain’s empire, and many streets , schools and other buildings.
How racist was Cecil Rhodes?
Cecil Rhodes had racist views about Britain’s superiority over other countries people.
He introduced laws that pushed Africans from their lands and increased taxes on their homes.
Also made alot of money from mining gold and diamonds in southern Africa.
Whose statue was removed when countries had taken a step to remove reminders of their past as a British colony.
Cecil Rhodes
When did Cecil Rhodes die?
1902
What did Queen Victoria call herself to India?
‘Empress of India’
What was Queen Victoria’s relationship with India?
Queen Victoria learned to speak and write Hindi and Urdu, and had many Indian food on her dinner menus.
How did India benefit from Britain?
British influence India in some ways through building of roads, schools, hospitals, factories and railways.
How did India suffer from the rule of British Empire?
British customs were forced on people.
Culture, religions, and local traditions were ignored.
Indian workers were exploited and the country’s materials were taken to Britain.
Native lands were seized.
By 1900s, what did many Indians start to believe?
Many Indians started to believe that India should be free from British control.
What was the Indian National Congress?
a political group that had been formed to bring the idea that India should be free from British control to British.
It held meetings and organised demonstrations to further its case but British ignored its demands.
How much effort did Indians put to fight for British soldiers in the First World War?
India gave Britain a huge amount of money, food and materials to help with the war.
What were the slight changes British had made to India that the way it was governed after WW1?
Law-making councils were set up all across India. And property owning, educated Indians were given the vote.
The British government still controlled taxation, the police, law courts, armed forces, education and much more.
Some Indians welcomed the changes of British rule as a step in the right direction, some were dissapointed and there were many large demonstrations.
What happened during one demonstration?
In the town of Amritsar, led to the deaths of 379 people when a local British commander ordered his men to fire into the crowd.
Who was Mohandas Gandhi and what did he do?
Mohandas Gandhi was a Hindu and former lawyer.
He led a series of non-violent protests against the British such as refusing to buy British-made goods and pay taxes.
