Chapter 5 Flashcards
(25 cards)
awareness of oneself and the environment
consciousness
a periodic, more or less regular fluctuation in a biological system, may or may not have psychological implications
biological rhythms
the synchronization of biological rhythms with external cues, such as fluctuations in daylight
entrainment
generated from within rather than by external cues
endogenous
a biological rhythm with a period (from peak to peak) of about 24 hours
circadian rhythm
an area of the brain containing a biological clock that governs circadian rhythms
suprachiasmatic nucleus (SNC)
a hormone, secreted by the pineal gland, that is involved in the regulations of daily biological rhythms
melatonin
a state in which biological rhythms are not in phase (synchronized) with one another
internal desynchronization
sleep periods characterized by eye movement, loss of muscle tone, and dreaming
rapid eye movement sleep (REM)
a disorder in which breathing briefly stops during sleep causing the person to choke and grasp and momentarily awaken
sleep apnea
a sleep disorder involving sudden and unpredictable daytime attacks of sleepiness or lapses into REM sleep
narcolepsy
a disorder in which the muscle paralysis that normally occurs during REM sleep is absent or incomplete, and the sleeper is able to act out his or her dreams
REM behaviour disorder
a process by which the synaptic changes associated with recently stored memoires become durable and stable, causing memory to become more reliable.
consolidation
a dream in which the dreamer is aware of dreaming
lucid dream
the theory that dreaming results from the cortical synthesis and interpretation of neural signals triggered by activity in the lower part of the brain
activation-synthesis theory
a procedure in which the practitioner suggests changes in the sensations, perceptions, thoughts, feelings or behaviour of the participant
Hypnosis
a split in consciousness in which one part of the mind operates independently of others
dissociation
a drug capable of influencing perception, mood, cognition, or behaviour
psychoactive drug
drugs that speed up activity in the central nervous system
stimulants
drugs that slow activity in the central nervous system
depressants
drugs, derived from the opium poppy, that relieves pain and commonly produce euphoria
opiates
consciousness altering drug that produce hallucinations, change thought process, or disrupt the normal perception of time and space
psychedelic drug
synthetic derivatives of testosterone that are taken in pill form or by injection to increase muscle mass and strength
anabolic steroids
increased resistance to a drugs effect accompanying continued use
tolerance
