Chapter 57: Weight Loss Flashcards
(48 cards)
BMI for an overweight person
25-29.9 kg/m2
BMI for an obese person
> / = 30 kg/m2
Key drugs/conditions that can cause weight gain?
- Antipsychotics (e.g., clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, quetiapine)
- Diabetes drugs (insulin, meglitinides, SU, TZDs)
- Divalproex/valproic acid
- Gabapentin, pregabalin
- Lithium
- Mirtazapine
- Steroids
- TCAs (e.g., amitriptyline, nortriptyline)
- Conditions: hypothyroidism
How many minutes of physical activity should be performed per week?
150 minutes
On how many separate days should physical activity be performed?
3-5 days
What common stimulants are found in OTC weight loss supplements?
Bitter orange and/or excessive amounts of caffeine
What other names can caffeine be packaged under?
Guarana and concentrated green tea powder
When are prescription weight loss meds indicated?
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² or a BMI ≥ 27 kg/m² with at least one weight-related condition (such as dyslipidemia, HTN or diabetes)
What must weight loss meds be used in conjunction with?
A dietary plan and increased physical activity
Which newer agents for weight loss can be continued long-term for weight maintenance?
Qsymia, Contrave, Saxenda and the orlistat formulations
When should weight loss drugs be discontinued?
If they do not produce at least a 5% weight loss at 12 weeks.
Key drugs/conditions that can cause weight loss
- ADHD drugs (e.g., amphetamine, methylphenidate)
- Bupropion
- GLP-1 agonists (e.g., exenatide, liraglutide)
- Pramlintide
- Roflumilast
- SGLT2 inhibitors (e.g., canagliflozin, empagliflozin)
- Topiramate
- Conditions: hyperthyroidism, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease
Which weight loss drugs can be used in pregnancy?
NONE - AVOID
Which weight loss drugs should be avoided in HTN?
Contrave - CI with uncontrolled BP (contains bupropion)
Which weight loss drugs should be used with caution in HTN?
Qsymia - monitor HR (contains phentermine)
Which weight loss drugs should be used with caution in young adults and adolescents with depression?
Contrave - suicide risk (contains bupropion)
Which weight loss drugs should be avoided in seizures?
Contrave - lowers seizure threshold (contains bupropion)
Which weight loss drugs should be used with caution in seizures?
Qsymia - must taper off slowly if used (contains topiramate)
Which weight loss drugs should be avoided if taking opioids?
Contrave - blocks opioid receptor (contains naltrexone)
What is the drug class of Phentermine?
Sympathomimetic (stimulant)
Which medications are found in Qsymia?
Phentermine and topiramate ER
Which medications are found in Contrave?
Naltrexone and bupropion
What does naltrexone do for weight loss?
Decreases food cravings
What does bupropion do for weight loss?
Decreases appetite
