Chapter 6 Urinary

Question 1

both kidneys are malrotated, and their lower poles are joined by a band of normal renal parenchyma (isthmus) or connective tissue

Answer 1

horseshoe kidney

Question 2

cystic dilatation of the distal ureter near its insertion into the bladder.

Answer 2

ureterocele

Question 3

nonsuppurative inflammatory process involving the tufts of capillaries (glomeruli) that filter the blood within the kidney

Answer 3

glomerulonephritis

Question 4

suppurative inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis caused by pyogenic (pus-forming) bacteria

Answer 4

pyelonephritis

Question 5

severe form of acute parenchymal and perirenal infection with gas-forming bacteria that occurs virtually only in diabetic patients and causes an acute necrosis of the entire kidney.

Answer 5

emphysematous phyelonephritis

Question 6

destructive process involving a varying amount of the medullary papillae and the terminal portion of the renal pyramids.

Answer 6

papillary necrosis

Question 7

Inflammation of the urinary bladder is more common in women because the urethra is shorter

Answer 7

cystitis

Question 8

inherited disorder in which multiple cysts of varying size cause lobulated enlargement of the kidneys and progressive renal impairment, which presumably results from cystic compression of nephrons, which in turn causes localized intrarenal obstruction

Answer 8

polycystic kidney disease

Question 9

most common abdominal neoplasm of infancy and childhood.

Answer 9

wilms tumor

Question 10

rapid deterioration in kidney function that is sufficient to result in the accumulation of nitrogen-containing wastes in the blood and a characteristic odor of urine-like or “fishy” breath.

Answer 10

acute renal failure