Chapter 7 Questions

Question 1

What are the effects of thyroid and sex hormones on bone development and growth

Answer 1

Thyroid hormones stimulate replacement of cartilage in the epiphyseal plates of long bones with bone tissue. Sex hormones stimulate ossification of epiphyseal plates and stop bone growth.

Question 2

What are fontanels; what’s their significance?

Answer 2

They permit some movement between the bones so that the developing skull is partially compressible and can change shape for birth. Soft spots on babies head

Question 3

Describe a typical vertebrae

Answer 3

Body, Pedicles, laminae, spinous process, vertebral arch, vertebral foramen, transverse process, superior and inferior articulate processes, intervertebral foramina

Question 4

What part of the vertebra is drum shaped and forms the thick anterior portion of the bone that support the weight of head and trunk

Answer 4

Body

Question 5

What part of vertebra projects posteriorly from the body and the forms the sides of the vertebral foramen

Answer 5

Pedicles

Question 6

What part of the vertebra are plates that arise from the Pedicles and fuse in the back

Answer 6

Laminae

Question 7

What forms as a result of the laminae fusing

Answer 7

Spinous process

Question 8

What is the bony arch comprised of Pedicles, laminae and spinous process that forms around the vertebral foramen

Answer 8

Vertebral arch

Question 9

What is the opening that the spinal cord passes through

Answer 9

Vertebral foramen

Question 10

What is the projection from each side between the Pedicles and laminae

Answer 10

Transverse process

Question 11

What project upward and downward from each vertebral arch

Answer 11

Superior and inferior articulate processes

Question 12

What are openings formed by notches on the lower surfaces of the vertebral Pedicles that align with adjacent vertebrae; and provides passengers for spinal nerves

Answer 12

Intervertebral formina

Question 13

What vertebrae have bifid (forked) spinous processes; and the transverse processes have transverse foramina that leases way for arteries into the brain?

Answer 13

Cervical

Question 14

What vertebrae compose the axis of the neck

Answer 14

Seven cervical

Question 15

What cervical vertebrae is the first that supports the head

Answer 15

Atlas

Question 16

What second cervical Vertebra allows the head to turn from side to side

Answer 16

Axis

Question 17

What vertebrae have long pointed spinous processes sloping downward; facets in the side that articulate with ribs?

Answer 17

Thoracic

Question 18

What vertebrae have large bodies that are short with stubby spinous processes

Answer 18

Lumbar

Question 19

What is the triangular structure at the base of the vertebral column

Answer 19

Sacrum

Question 20

What is the lowest part of the vertebral column

Answer 20

Coccyx

Question 21

What does the thoracic cage include

Answer 21

Ribs, thoracic vertebrae, sternum, costal cartilages that attach ribs to sternum

Question 22

What are the three parts of the sternum

Answer 22

Manubrium, body, xiphoid process

Question 23

What process forms the tip of the shoulder

Answer 23

Acromion

Question 24

What process provides attachments for upper limb and chest muscles

Answer 24

Coracoid

Question 25

What cavity articulates with the head of the arm bone

Answer 25

Glenoid

Question 26

Where does the capitulum of the humerus articulate with the radius?

Answer 26

Elbow

Question 27

What does the trochlea of the humerus join?

Answer 27

Ulna

Question 28

What depression receives a process of the ulna( coronoid process) when the elbow bends

Answer 28

Coronoid fossa

Question 29

What depression receives the olecranon process when the elbow straightens

Answer 29

Olecranon fossa

Question 30

What is the largest most superior portion of the hips bone

Answer 30

Ilium

Question 31

What's the lowest of the hip bone

Answer 31

Ischium

Question 32

Extra digits inherited trait?

Answer 32

Polydactyl

Question 33

Coronoid process

Answer 33

Ulna and mandible

Question 34

Cribiform plate

Answer 34

Ehtmoid bone

Question 35

Foramen magnum

Answer 35

Occipital bone

Question 36

Mastoid process

Answer 36

Temporal bone

Question 37

Palatine process

Answer 37

Maxilla

Question 38

Sells turica

Answer 38

Sphenoid bone

Question 39

Supra orbital notch

Answer 39

Frontal bone

Question 40

Temporal process

Answer 40

Zygomatic bone

Question 41

Acromion process

Answer 41

Scapula

Question 42

Deltoid tuberosuty

Answer 42

Humerus

Question 43

Grater trochanter

Answer 43

Femur

Question 44

Lateral malleolus

Answer 44

Fibula

Question 45

Medial malleolus

Answer 45

Tibia

Question 46

Olecranon process

Answer 46

Ulna

Question 47

Radial tuberosity

Answer 47

Radius

Question 48

Xiphoid process

Answer 48

Sternum

Question 49

What is the largest foot bone out of talus, tarsal, and calceneus

Answer 49

Calcaneus

Question 50

The bones of the upper arm are classified as what

Answer 50

Long

Question 51

The area of a bone that produces most the hematopoietic tissue is what

Answer 51

Bone marrow

Question 52

The frontal bone develops by what

Answer 52

Intramembranous ossification

Question 53

What is the final stage of healing following a fracture

Answer 53

Formation of granulation tissue

Question 54

What represent microscopic channels that were formed by blood vessels in the bone

Answer 54

Canaliculi

Question 55

Most of the Skelton in an embryo is what what tissue

Answer 55

Cartilage

Question 56

Where is the primary ossification center of long bones

Answer 56

Epiphyses

Question 57

What bone have sinuses

Answer 57

Ehtmoid, sphenoid, frontal

Question 58

What bone has the mandibulae fossa

Answer 58

Temporal

Question 59

Vitamin D defiency in an adult causes the condition known as

Answer 59

Osteomaalacia

Question 60

What allows a bone to increase its diameter

Answer 60

Periosteum

Question 61

Articulate ends of long bones have what tissue

Answer 61

Hyaline

Question 62

Spongy bones has a porous matrix of cells called what

Answer 62

Trabeculae

Question 63

What vitamin moves calcium through a cell membrane

Answer 63

D

Question 64

What vitamin is responsible for normal growth

Answer 64

A