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HSCI 1140 - CAM > Chapter 7 - Traditional Chinese Medicine > Flashcards

Chapter 7 - Traditional Chinese Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

Traditional Chinese Medicine is rooted in what ancient philosophy?

A

Taoism

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2
Q

How old is TCM?

A

5,000 years old

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3
Q

In what way are TCM and OM similar?

A

Both have the perception that humans are interconnected with nature and subject to its forces.

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4
Q

Ying-yang theory

A

Two opposing, yet complementary, forces shape the world and all life.

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5
Q

A vital energy, ___, regulates a person’s spiritual, emotional, mental, and physical health.

A

Qi

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6
Q

What is qi influenced by?

A

The opposing forces of yin and yang

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7
Q

___ circulates in the body through a system of pathways called ___

A

Qi, meridians

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8
Q

What does health result from in TCM?

A

A balance and harmony in the circulation of qi.

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9
Q

What are all treatments in TCM supposed to do?

A

Unblock blockages of qi.

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10
Q

Theory of five elements

A

All phenomena of the universe and nature can be broken down into five elements: wood, fire, earth, metal and water.

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11
Q

What do elements correspond to?

A

Each element corresponds to particular organs and tissues in the body.

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12
Q

TCM’s four methods to evaluate a patient’s condition

A

Observing (especially the tongue), hearing/smelling, asking/interviewing, and touching/palpating (especially the pulse).

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13
Q

TCM treatments

A

Herbs, acupuncture, moxibustion, cupping, massage, diet, mind-body practices

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14
Q

What is the name of the pharmacological reference book used by TCM practitioners?

A

Materia medica

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15
Q

How are medicinal substances classified in the materia medica?

A

By perceived action.

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16
Q

What types of substances are used as medicine in TMC?

A

Mostly plants, but also minerals and animal products.

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17
Q

What parts of the plant are used in a TCM medicine?

A

All sorts of different parts of the plants are used, included leaves, roots, stems, flowers, and seeds.

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18
Q

Are herbs given individually or combined into formulas?

A

Formulas.

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19
Q

What are the delivery methods for herbs?

A

Teas, capsules, tinctures, and powers.

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20
Q

Accupuncture

A

The stimulation of specific points on the body, using a variety of techniques, including the insertion of thin metal needles through the skin.

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21
Q

How is acupuncture supposed to restore and maintain health?

A

By removing blockages in the flow of qi as it flows along meridians.

22
Q

Moxibustion

A

The use of heat from burning the herb moxa (mugwort) on or near the skin at an acupuncture point.

23
Q

Moxibustion is supposed to improve…

A

the flow of qi.

24
Q

Cupping

A

Application of a heated cup to the skin to create a slight suction.

25
Q

What is the aim of cupping?

A

To increase the flow of blood to the area.

26
Q

Two forms of traditional Chinese massage?

A

Acupressure and Tui Na.

27
Q

Acupressure

A

Massage that focuses on pinching and pressing acupressure points.

28
Q

Tui Na

A

Massage that is similar to western massage (flowing movements), but with the aim of getting qi moving again.

29
Q

What is Tui Na used for?

A

Musculoskeletal conditions, headaches and also diseases like cancer.

30
Q

Types of mind-body therapies used in TCM?

A

Qi gong and tai chi.

31
Q

What are qi gong and tai chi supposed to do?

A

Enhance the mind’s capacity to affect bodily function and symptoms.

32
Q

How does dietary therapy in TCM classify foods?

A

According to energetic effects rather than component parts.

33
Q

Five flavours in TCM

A

Sour, bitter, sweet, pungent, salty.

34
Q

Four natures in TCM

A

Cool, cold, warm and hot.

35
Q

The same foods can have ___ effects on different people.

A

Different

36
Q

Is TCM amenable to scientific testing?

A

Each individual treatment is testable.

37
Q

What types of TCM are easiest to test using the scientific method?

A

Herbs

38
Q

What does the scientific evidence say about TCM in general?

A

It’s effectiveness is limited.

39
Q

Where has most of the research on TCM been conducted?

A

In China.

40
Q

In what language are most TCM studies published in?

A

Chinese.

41
Q

What does the scientific evidence say about acupuncture?

A

Acupuncture maybe be useful for a few conditions but not all that are claimed.

42
Q

What does the scientific evidence say about meridians and qi?

A

Meridians of qi flow are unlikely.

43
Q

What does the scientific evidence say about the herbs used in TCM?

A

Some evidence that some herbs may be effective for some conditions.

44
Q

Issues with research on TCM

A

Methodologically flawed, safety not always tested, and publication bias.

45
Q

An example of an endangered organism used in TCM

A

Rino horns.

46
Q

What’s used in Chinese hospitals, western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, or both?

A

Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine may be used side by side.

47
Q

How many patients use TCM in the U.S.?

A

More than a million per year.

48
Q

Is TCM regulated in BC?

A

Yes, under the Health Professions Act.

49
Q

How many traditional Chinese medicines are currently authorized for sale in Canada?

A

More than 1,400

50
Q

Why doesn’t TCM belong to the same paradigm as OM?

A

None of the following fit into the OM paradigm: ying-yang theory; qi and meridians; 5 basic elements.

HSCI 1140 - CAM (22 decks)

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