Chapter 8

Question 1

adnexa uteri

Answer 1

fallopian tubes, ovaries, and supporting ligaments

Question 2

amnion

Answer 2

innermost membrane surrounding the embryo and fetus

Question 3

areola

Answer 3

dark-pigmented area surrounding the breast nipple

Question 4

Bartholin glands

Answer 4

small mucus-secreting exocrine glands at the vaginal orifice

Question 5

cervix

Answer 5

lower, neck-like portion of the uterus

Question 6

chorion

Answer 6

outermost membrane surrounding the embryo and fetus; forms the fetal part of the placenta

Question 7

clitoris

Answer 7

organ of sensitive erectile tissue anterior to the opening of the female urethra

Question 8

coitus

Answer 8

sexual intercourse; copulation

Question 9

corpus luteum

Answer 9

empty ovarian follicle that secretes progesterone after release of the egg cell

Question 10

cul-de-sac

Answer 10

region in the lower abdomen; midway between the rectum and the uterus

Question 11

embryo

Answer 11

stage in prenatal development from 2 to 8 weeks

Question 12

endometrium

Answer 12

inner mucous membrane lining of the uterus

Question 13

estrogen

Answer 13

hormone produced by the ovaries; promotes female secondary sex characteristics

Question 14

fallopian tube

Answer 14

one of a pair of ducts through which the ovum travels to the uterus; also called an oviduct

Question 15

fertilization

Answer 15

union of the sperm and ovum from which the embryo develops

Question 16

fetus

Answer 16

stage in prenatal development from 8 weeks to birth

Question 17

fimbriae

Answer 17

finger- or fringe-like projections at the end of the fallopian tubes

Question 18

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer 18

secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate maturation of the egg cell

Question 19

gamete

Answer 19

male or female sexual reproductive cell; sperm cell or ovum

Question 20

genitalia

Answer 20

reproductive organs; also called genitals

Question 21

gestation

Answer 21

time period from fertilization of the ovum to birth; pregnancy

Question 22

gonad

Answer 22

female or male reproductive organ that produces sex cells and hormones; ovary or testis

Question 23

gynecology

Answer 23

study of the female reproductive organs, including the breasts

Question 24

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Answer 24

hormone produced by the placenta to sustain pregnancy by stimulating the ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone

Question 25

hymen

Answer 25

mucous membrane partially or completely covering the opening to the vagina

Question 26

labia

Answer 26

lips of the vagina; majora and minora

Question 27

lactiferous ducts

Answer 27

tubes that carry milk from the mammary glands to the nipple

Question 28

luteinizing hormone (LH)

Answer 28

secreted by the pituitary gland to promote ovulation

Question 29

mammary papilla

Answer 29

nipple of the breast

Question 30

menarche

Answer 30

beginning of the first menstrual period and ability to reproduce

Question 31

menopause

Answer 31

gradual ending of menstruation

Question 32

menstruation

Answer 32

monthly shedding of the uterine lining

Question 33

myometrium

Answer 33

muscle layer of the uterus

Question 34

neonatology

Answer 34

study of the medical care of the newborn

Question 35

obstetrics

Answer 35

branch of medicine and surgery concerned with pregnancy and childbirth

Question 36

orifice

Answer 36

an opening

Question 37

ovarian follicle

Answer 37

developing sac enclosing each ovum within the ovary; only about 400 mature in lifetime

Question 38

ovary

Answer 38

one of a pair of female organs (gonads) on each side of the pelvis; almond-shaped, size of large walnuts; produce egg cells and hormones

Question 39

ovulation

Answer 39

release of the ovum from the ovary

Question 40

ovum

Answer 40

mature egg cell (female gamete); develop from immature egg cells called oocytes

Question 41

parturition

Answer 41

act of giving birth

Question 42

perimetrium

Answer 42

outermost layer of the uterus; uterine serosa

Question 43

perineum

Answer 43

in females, the area between the anus and the vagina

Question 44

pituitary gland

Answer 44

endocrine gland at the base of the brain; it produces hormones that stimulate the ovaries; also regulates other endocrine organs

Question 45

placenta

Answer 45

vascular organ attached to the uterine wall during pregnancy; permits the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products between mother and fetus

Question 46

pregnancy

Answer 46

gestation

Question 47

progesterone

Answer 47

hormone produced by the corpus luteum in the ovary and the placenta of pregnant women

Question 48

puberty

Answer 48

period of adolescent development at which secondary sex characteristics appear and gametes are produced

Question 49

uterus

Answer 49

hollow, pear-shaped muscular female organ in which the embryo and fetus develop, and from which menstruation occurs; upper portion is fundus, middle is corpus, lowermost is the cervix

Question 50

vagina

Answer 50

muscular, mucosa-lined canal extending from the uterus to the exterior of the body

Question 51

vulva

Answer 51

external female genitalia; includes labia, hymen, clitoris, and vaginal orifice

Question 52

zygote

Answer 52

stage in prenatal development from fertilization and implantation up to 2 weeks