Chapter 9

Question 0

3 parts of a neuron

Answer 0

Cell body, dendrites, axon

Question 1

Nerve cells

Answer 1

Neurons

Question 2

Bundle of axons

Answer 2

Nerve

Question 3

Supporting cells

Answer 3

Neuroglial cells

Question 4

What is each nervous system? 2

Answer 4

Central nervous system-brain and spinal cord

Peripheral nervous system-nerves

Question 5

Name the general functions of nervous system

Answer 5

Sensory function
Integrated function
Motor function

Question 6

Name functions of neuroglial cells

Answer 6

Carry phagocytosis
Provide insulating layers of myelin
Provide structural support and fills spaces
Covers and forms inner linings
Forms myelin sheath

Question 7

Name neurons classification on basis of structure

Answer 7

Bipolar
Unipolar
Multipolar

Question 8

Classification on basis of function

Answer 8

Sensory neuron
Interneuron
Motor neuron

Question 9

Define resting potential

Answer 9

In a resting nerve cell, the potential difference between inside and outside of cell membrane (-70 mv)

Question 10

When resting potential becomes more positive

Answer 10

Depolarized

Question 11

Explain ion movement that makes action potential

Answer 11

@ threshold, NA ions diffuse inward, Depolarizes the membrane
@ same time, K ions diffuse outward, repolarize the membrane

Question 12

Rapid change in potential (+30 mv)

Answer 12

Action potential

Question 13

Wave of action potential

Answer 13

Nerve impulse

Question 14

Differentiate conduct impulses

Answer 14

Un myelinated axons conduct impulses over entire surface

Myelinated axons conduct impulses faster because they jump from node to node

Question 15

Junction between two neurons

Answer 15

Synapse

Question 16

Groups of neurons that make 100s of synaptic connections to perform a common function

Answer 16

Neuronal pools

Question 17

Neuron receives subthreshold stimuli and becomes more excitable to incoming stimuli

Answer 17

Facilitation

Question 18

Differ between convergence and divergence

Answer 18

Convergence-impulses from 2 or more incoming axons may converge on a single neuron
Divergence- impulse from 1 axon that may diverge by passing into several output neurons

Question 19

Simple pathway that includes only a few neurons

Answer 19

Reflex arc

Question 20

What is reflex behavior

Answer 20

Automatic, subconscious responses to changes inside or outside the body

Question 21

Membranes surrounding and protecting brain and spinal cord

Answer 21

Meninges

Question 22

Name the 3 layers in meninges

Answer 22

Dura mater
Arachnoid
Pia mater

Question 23

4 characteristics of spinal cord

Answer 23

31 segments
Cervical enlargement
Lumbar enlargement
Deep anterior groove and shallow posterior grooves extends length of spinal cord

Question 24

Where is the gray and white located in the spine

Answer 24

A central core of gray matter surrounded by white matter

Question 25

Functions of spinal cord

Answer 25

Provides 2-way communication systems between brain and rest of body Center for spinal reflexes

Question 26

Ridges on the surface

Answer 26

Convolutions (gyri)

Question 27

Shallow groove

Answer 27

Sulcus

Question 28

Deep groove

Answer 28

Fissure

Question 29

Name the lobes of the brain

Answer 29

Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital

Question 30

Thin layer of gray matter on surface, contains 75% of all neuron cell bodies in nervous system

Answer 30

Cerebral cortex

Question 31

Compare grey and white on brain and spinal cord

Answer 31

Brain-white matter makes up bulk of cerebrum | Spinal cord-central core of gray matter surrounded by white

Question 32

Function of cerebrum

Answer 32

Provides highs brain functions:memory, reasoning, intelligence, personality

Question 33

Function of olfactory bulb

Answer 33

Responsible for sense of smell

Question 34

Interconnected cavities within hemispheres and brain stem

Answer 34

Ventricles

Question 35

Function of cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 35

Protects brain and spinal cord by absorbing shock, Maintains stable ionic concentration and Provides pathway to the blood for wastes

Question 36

Function of thalamus

Answer 36

Central relay station for incoming sensory impulses

Question 37

Function of hypothalamus

Answer 37

Maintains homeostasis

Question 38

Function of midbrain

Answer 38

Reflex centers associated w eye,ear, and head movements

Question 39

Function of pons

Answer 39

Transmit impulses (cerebrum to other parts of nervous system) and regulates rate and depth of breathing

Question 40

Function of medulla oblongata

Answer 40

Centers for cardiac, vasomotor, respiratory, coughing, sneezing, swallowing, vomiting

Question 41

Filters incoming sensory impulses arousing cerebral cortex into wakefulness when significant impulses are received

Answer 41

Reticular formation

Question 42

Function for cerebellum

Answer 42

Reflex center in coordination of skeletal muscle movements and maintenance of equilibrium and maintains posture