Chapter 9 - Marriage & Family

Question 1

family

Answer 1

Two or more people related by blood, marriage or adoption. The family may take many forms, ranging from a single parent with one or more children, to a married couple or polygamous spouses with or without offspring, to several generations of parents and their children.

Question 2

household

Answer 2

A domestic unit of one or more persons living in one residence. Other than family members, a household may include nonrelatives, such as servants.

Question 3

conjugal family

Answer 3

A family established through marriage

Question 4

consanguineal family

Answer 4

A family of “blood relatives” consisting of related women, their brothers, and the women’s offspring

Question 5

nuclear family

Answer 5

A group consisting of one or two parents and dependent offspring, which may include a stepparent, stepsiblings, and adopted children. Until recently, this term referred only to a mother, father and child(ren) unit.

Question 6

extended family

Answer 6

Two or more closely related nuclear families clustered together into a large domestic group

Question 7

patrilocal residence

Answer 7

A residence pattern in which a married couple lives in the husband’s father’s place of residence.

Question 8

matrilocal residence

Answer 8

A residence pattern in which a married couple lives in the wife’s mother’s place of residence

Question 9

neolocal residence

Answer 9

A pattern in which

Question 10

The _____ is the social unit that forms the basic cooperative structure that provides for the individual.

Answer 10

family

Question 11

The basic residential unit is the ____________.

Answer 11

household

Question 12

Traditional foraging societies, such as the Eskimo, are likely to have _________________ families.

Answer 12

nuclear

Question 13

You are most likely to find __________ families on Native American reservations.

Answer 13

extended

Question 14

In the US, 32% of households are considered ________.

Answer 14

nonfamillies

Question 15

A single ______________________ is typically the result of divorce or the advent of increased sexual activity outside of marriage

Answer 15

female head of household

Question 16

Once married, individuals must decide where they are going to live. In cultures where men own the property and wield authority, couples typically will go live with the ________________ family, which is an example of ______________ residence.

Answer 16

husband’s; patrilocal

Question 17

Societies in which women have important subsistence roles and descent is traced through the mother typically practice ___________ residence.

Answer 17

matrilocal

Question 18

In Western Europe and the US, what kind of family is considered ideal?

Answer 18

nuclear family

Question 19

What is the major difference between the culture of family in the US and cultures elsewhere?

Answer 19

There often is a lack of extended family ties

Question 20

Although Hopi society is matrilocal, it is __________ labor that produces crops for food.

Answer 20

men’s

Question 21

What kind of family is formed on the basis of marital ties?

Answer 21

conjugal

Question 22

Under ___________ residence, a married couple forms a household in a separate location from their relatives; this type of residence typically occurs where the independence of the _______________ family is emphasized.

Answer 22

neolocal; nuclear

Question 23

What is the feature of ambilocal residence?

Answer 23

It is a pattern in which married couples may choose wither matrilocal or patrilocal residence.

Question 24

Matrilocal residence is likely a result of:

Answer 24

1) ecological circumstances make the role of woman predominant for subsistence
2) what is most found in horticultural societies.

Question 25

Just as there is a continuum of social arrangements among relatives, from nuclear to extended families, there exist a continuum of domestic arrangements involving__________.

Answer 25

households

Question 26

With the industrialization of Europe & North America, industrial economies require a mobile labor force in which people must move wherever job opportunities take them. How has this situation affected nuclear families?

Answer 26

1) Nuclear families have been isolated from other kin 2) One or both adults must seek employment outside of the household 3) Work demands may keep parents away from their children for prolonged periods of time

Question 27

The Tory Islanders are Gaelic speaking fisherfolk who live off the coast of Ireland. What type of family organization is typically found in their community?

Answer 27

consanguineal

Question 28

In what type of residence pattern would it be common to see compensation, such as a bride-price take place?

Answer 28

patrilocal

Question 29

Which members are considered to be part of a consanguineal family?

Answer 29

1) related women 2) their brothers 3) the women's offspring

Question 30

Who wrote "The Elementary Structures of Kinship and The Family and Social Life of the Nambikwara Indians?"

Answer 30

Claude Levi-Strauss