Chapter Seven- Urinary

Question 1

Calyx or Calix

Answer 1

Cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis

Question 2

Catheter

Answer 2

Tube for injecting or removing fluids

Question 3

Cortex

Answer 3

Outer region of an organ; the renal cortex is the outer region of the kidney

Question 4

Creatinine

Answer 4

Nitrogenous waste excreted in urine

Question 5

Electrolyte

Answer 5

Chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water; necessary with function of muscles and nerves; kidneys

Question 6

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Answer 6

Hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells by bone marrow

Question 7

Filtration

Answer 7

Process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter

Question 8

Glomerular capsule

Answer 8

Enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus. (Bowman capsule; collects the material that is filtered from the blood through the walls of the glomerulus)

Question 9

Glomerulus

Answer 9

Tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney

Question 10

Hilum

Answer 10

Depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave

Question 11

Kidney

Answer 11

One of two bean shaped organs on either side of the backbone in the lumbar region; filters nitrogenous wastes from the bloodstream to form urine

Question 12

Meatus

Answer 12

Opening or canal

Question 13

Medulla

Answer 13

Inner region of an organ

Question 14

Nephron

Answer 14

Combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place in the kidney; functional unit of kidney; 1 million per kidney

Question 15

Nitrogenous waste

Answer 15

Substance containing nitrogen an excreted in urine

Question 16

Potassium

Answer 16

Electrolyte regulated by the kidney so that a proper concentration is maintained within the blood; muscle contraction and nerve impulses

Question 17

Reabsorption

Answer 17

Process where renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back in the bloodstream

Question 18

Renal artery

Answer 18

Blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney

Question 19

Renal pelvis

Answer 19

Central collection region in the kidney

Question 20

Renal tubule

Answer 20

Microscopic tubes in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration

Question 21

Renal vein

Answer 21

Blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart

Question 22

Renin

Answer 22

Hormone secreted by the kidney; raises blood pressure by influencing vasoconstriction

Question 23

Sodium

Answer 23

An electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys; needed for proper transmission of nerve impulses, heart activity, and other metabolic functions

Question 24

Trigone

Answer 24

Triangular area in the urinary bladder

Question 25

Urea

Answer 25

Major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine

Question 26

Ureter

Answer 26

One of two tubes leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

Question 27

Urethra

Answer 27

Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

Question 28

Uric acid

Answer 28

Nitrogenous waste excreted in urine

Question 29

Urinary bladder

Answer 29

Hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine

Question 30

Urination (voiding)

Answer 30

Process of expelling urine; micturition

Question 31

Arteriole

Answer 31

Small artery

Question 32

Cali/o, calic/o

Answer 32

Calyx (calix)

Question 33

Cyst/o

Answer 33

Urinary bladder

Question 34

Glomerul/o

Answer 34

Glomerulus

Question 35

Meat/o

Answer 35

Meatus

Question 36

Nephr/o

Answer 36

Kidney

Question 37

Pyel/o

Answer 37

Renal pelvis

Question 38

Ren/o

Answer 38

Kidney

Question 39

Trigon/o

Answer 39

Trigone (bladder region)

Question 40

Ureter/o

Answer 40

Ureter

Question 41

Urethr/o

Answer 41

Urethra

Question 42

Vesic/o

Answer 42

Urinary bladder

Question 43

Albumin/o

Answer 43

Albumin (a protein in the blood)

Question 44

Azot/o

Answer 44

Nitrogen

Question 45

Bacteri/o

Answer 45

Bacteria

Question 46

Dips/o

Answer 46

Thirst

Question 47

Kal/o

Answer 47

Potassium

Question 48

Ket/o, keton/o

Answer 48

Ketone bodies

Question 49

Lith/o

Answer 49

Stone

Question 50

Natr/o

Answer 50

Sodium

Question 51

Noct/o

Answer 51

Night

Question 52

Olig/o

Answer 52

Scanty

Question 53

-poietin

Answer 53

Substance that forms

Question 54

Py/o

Answer 54

Pus

Question 55

-tripsy

Answer 55

Crushing

Question 56

Ur/o

Answer 56

Urine (urea)

Question 57

Urin/o

Answer 57

Urine

Question 58

-uria

Answer 58

Urination; urine condition

Question 59

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Answer 59

Measurement of urea levels in blood

Question 60

Creatinine clearance

Answer 60

Measurement of the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidneys

Question 61

CT scan

Answer 61

X-ray images show multiple cross-sectional and other views of organs and tissues

Question 62

Kidneys, ureters, and bladder (KUB)

Answer 62

X-ray examination (without contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder

Question 63

Renal angiography

Answer 63

X-ray examination (with contrast) of the blood vessels and of the kidneys

Question 64

Retrograde pyelogram (RP)

Answer 64

X-ray imaging of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters from the bladder

Question 65

Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)

Answer 65

X-ray record (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while patient is voiding

Question 66

Ultrasonography

Answer 66

Imaging of urinary tract structures using high frequency sound waves

Question 67

Radioisotope scan

Answer 67

Image of the kidney after Injecting a radioactive substance into the bloodstream

Question 68

MRI

Answer 68

Changing magnetic field produces images of the kidney and surrounding structures in three planes of the body

Question 69

Cystoscopy

Answer 69

Direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope (cystoscope)

Question 70

Dialysis

Answer 70

Process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood Hemodialysis: (HD)- artificial kidney machine Peritoneal dialysis: (PD)- catheter

Question 71

Lithotripsy

Answer 71

Urinary tract stones are crushed

Question 72

Renal angioplasty

Answer 72

Dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries

Question 73

Renal biopsy

Answer 73

Removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination

Question 74

Renal transplantation

Answer 74

Surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient

Question 75

Urinary catheterization

Answer 75

Passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder