Chapters 1-3 – Microbio Foundations 🦠

Question 1

The idea that life can arise from non-living matter is called _____ generation.

Answer 1

spontaneous

Question 2

Louis Pasteur used ___-___ ____ to disprove spontaneous generation.

Answer 2

swan-neck flasks

Question 3

The scientist who first observed microbes using a microscope was ____.

Answer 3

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Question 4

The Germ Theory of Disease was developed by ____.

Answer 4

Robert Koch

Question 5

The domain that includes all prokaryotes with peptidoglycan in their cell walls is ____.

Answer 5

bacteria

Question 6

Microorganisms that do not have a nucleus are called ____.

Answer 6

prokaryotes

Question 7

The theory stating that microorganisms cause disease is the ____ Theory.

Answer 7

Germ

Question 8

____ ____ is used to prevent contaminated by unwanted microorganisms.

Answer 8

Aseptic technique

Question 9

The first person to perform antiseptic surgery was ____.

Answer 9

Joseph Lister

Question 10

The process of reducing spoilage organisms in food and drink using heat is called ____.

Answer 10

pasteurization

Question 11

The building blocks of proteins are ___ ___.

Answer 11

amino acids

Question 12

A substance with a pH of 3 is considered ____.

Answer 12

acidic

Question 13

The macromolecule group that includes fats, oils, and waxes is ____.

Answer 13

lipids

Question 14

DNA and RNA are examples of ___ ___.

Answer 14

nucleic acids

Question 15

The molecule that serves as the main energy currency in cells is ___.

Answer 15

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Question 16

____ bonds involve the transfer of electrons, while ____ bonds involve the sharing of electrons.

Answer 16

Ionic ; covalent

Question 17

The basic unit of a carbohydrate is a ____.

Answer 17

monosaccharide

Question 18

A ____ ____ makes up the structure of most cell membranes.

Answer 18

phospholipid bilayer

Question 19

The part of an atom that determines its chemical behavior is the ____.

Answer 19

electron

Question 20

The molecule that carries genetic information is ___.

Answer 20

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

Question 21

The ability to distinguish two points as separate in microscopy is called ____.

Answer 21

resolution

Question 22

A stain that colors the background but leaves the cells colorless is a ____ stain.

Answer 22

negative

Question 23

The total magnification of a microscope is calculated by multiplying the ocular lens by the ____ lens.

Answer 23

objective

Question 24

The Gram stain differentiates bacteria based on the composition of their ___ ___.

Answer 24

cell walls

Question 25

The type of microscopy used to view live, unstained specimens with high contrast is ___-___ microscopy.

Answer 25

phase-contrast

Question 26

A microscope that uses UV light and fluorescent dyes is called a ____ microscope.

Answer 26

flourescence

Question 27

___-___ bacteria retain the crystal violet stain and appear ____ under a microscope.

Answer 27

Gram-positive ; purple

Question 28

The ___-___ stain is used to detect bacteria with ____ cell walls, such as Mycobacterium.

Answer 28

acid-fast ; waxy

Question 29

The ___ ___ ___ provides a 3D image of the surface of a specimen.

Answer 29

scanning electron microscope (SEM)

Question 30

The most common type of microscope used in labs is the ___ ___ microscope.

Answer 30

compound light