chem test unit 2 grade 10

Question 1

what happens when the indicator Blue Litmus paper enters an acid, neutral or base solution

Answer 1

acid- turns red
neutral- nothing happens
base- nothing happens

Question 2

what happens when the indicator Red Litmus paper enters an acid, neutral or base solution

Answer 2

acid- nothing happens
neutral-nothing happens
base- turns blue

Question 3

what happens when the indicator phenolphthalein enters an acid, neutral or base solution

Answer 3

acid- nothing happens
neutral-nothing happens
base-turns pink

Question 4

what happens when the indicator bromothymol blue enters an acid, neutral or base solution

Answer 4

acid-turns yellow
neutral- turns green
base-turns blue

Question 5

properties of acids

Answer 5

-taste sour
-ph less then 7
-do not feel slippery
-Release hydrogen ions (H+) in aqueous solution
-reacts with metal to produce a compound and hydrogen gas

Question 6

properties of bases

Answer 6

-taste bitter
-does feel slippery
-ph greater then 7
-release hydroxide ions (OH-) in aqueous solution
-does not react w metals

Question 7

common properties of acids and bases

Answer 7

-dissolve in water
-conduct electricity in aqueous solution
-can irritate or burn skin
-both acids and bases dissolve in water and create anions

Question 8

how do bonds form when something is ionic

Answer 8

electrons are transferred

Question 9

how do bonds form when something is covalent

Answer 9

electrons are shared

Question 10

state of something ionic and what does it consists of

Answer 10

-consists of ions
-hard but brittle
-solid at room temp
-odourless
-crystal lattice

Question 11

state of something covalent and what does it consists of

Answer 11

-consists of molecules
-solid, liquid or gas at room temp
-sometimes have odour

Question 12

melting/boiling point of something ionic

Answer 12

high melting and boiling point due to strong electrostatic

Question 13

melting/boiling point of something covalent

Answer 13

low melting and boiling point

Question 14

solubility of something ionic

Answer 14

-many are soluble from electrolyte solution when dissolved in water

Question 15

solubility of something covalent

Answer 15

-sometimes soluble
-from non-electrolyte solutions

Question 16

conductivity of something ionic

Answer 16

-conductive
-ions allow electricity to flow

Question 17

conductivity of something covalent

Answer 17

-not conductive
-no ions formed

Question 18

7 diatomic moldcules

Answer 18

HOFBrINCl
Hydrogen2
oxygen2
fluorine
Bromine2
iodine2
nitrogen2
chlorine2

Question 19

what is multivalent

Answer 19

any of the multivalent ions example: tin, lead, manganese

Question 20

what is binary covalent

Answer 20

2 non-metals

Question 21

what is ionic

Answer 21

metal+non-metal+ ide

Question 22

Formula for Synthesis

Answer 22

A+B —> AB
Element+ Element —> Compound

Question 23

Formula for decomposition

Answer 23

AB ——> A+B
Compound —> Element+ Element

Question 24

formula for single displacement

Answer 24

If a metal is sitting by it’s self as an element it get’s switched with the other metal in the compound, same thing with non-metals

Question 25

formula for double displacement

Answer 25

AB + CD ---> AD + CB

Question 26

Formula for combustion

Answer 26

Cx Hy + O2 ---> CO2 + H2O x and y= numbers

Question 27

formula for neutralization

Answer 27

ACID + BASE --> SALT + WATER H+OH---> NaCl + H2O

Question 28

How to name binary acids

Answer 28

-Add the prefix "hydro" -write the root of the non-metal name -add the ending "ic" acid example HF (aq). = Hydrofluoric acid

Question 29

how to name oxyacids

Answer 29

*using polyatomic ions* -write the name of the polyatomic (anion) if it ends with ate replace with "ic" -if it ends with ite replace with "ous" add acid at the end

Question 30

How to name bases

Answer 30

-name the metal -add the word hydroxide

Question 31

what is the law of conservation of mass?

Answer 31

mass of reactants= mass of products (matter cannot be created or destryoed)

Question 32

what is a bonding pair

Answer 32

electrons from 2 different atoms form a bond

Question 33

what is a lone pair

Answer 33

2 electrons that do not bond with anything

Question 34

what happens when the indicator universal indicator enters an acid, neutral or base solution

Answer 34

acid- turns red neutral- turns green base-turns purple

Question 35

how do bonds form when something is ionic

Answer 35

electrons are transferred

Question 36

how do bonds form when something is covalent

Answer 36

electrons are shared

Question 37

what is the state of something ionic

Answer 37

-consists of ions -hard but brittle -solid at room temp -odourless -crystal lattice

Question 38

what is the state of something covalent

Answer 38

-consists of molecules -solid, liquid, gas at room temp -sometimes has odour.

Question 39

melting/boiling point of something ionic

Answer 39

-high melting point + boiling point -requires more energy to break -crystal lattice structure

Question 40

melting/boiling point of something covalent

Answer 40

-low melting + boiling point

Question 41

solubility of something ionic

Answer 41

-most are soluble

Question 42

solubility of something covalent

Answer 42

-some are soluble

Question 43

conductivity of something ionic

Answer 43

-conduct electricity when dissolved in water (electrolytes)

Question 44

conductivity of something covalent

Answer 44

-Does not conduct electricity

Question 45

why aren't covalent compounds conductive (what is needed for electricity to flow)

Answer 45

Electricity needs charged particles (ions + electrons) to flow -covalent compounds are made from molecules -they share electrons -because of this their is no movement

Question 46

what are the 7 diatomic elements

Answer 46

Hydrogen2 oxygen2 fluorine Bromine2 iodine2 nitrogen2 chlorine2