CHF Flashcards

(7 cards)

1
Q

What is congestive heart failure (CHF)?

A

When the heart cannot pump effectively, causing fluid backup into lungs (left-sided) or body tissues (right-sided).

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2
Q

What causes CHF?

A

Previous myocardial infarction, chronic hypertension, valve disorders, and cardiomyopathy.

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3
Q

What are signs and symptoms of left-sided CHF?

A

Dyspnea especially when lying flat (orthopnea), crackles or rales on lung auscultation, and pink frothy sputum in severe cases.

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4
Q

What are signs and symptoms of right-sided CHF?

A

Peripheral edema (legs and ankles), jugular vein distention (JVD), and ascites.

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5
Q

What should EMTs do for CHF patients?

A

Position patient sitting upright, administer high-flow oxygen, use CPAP if allowed and patient is in respiratory distress, and transport rapidly to hospital.

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6
Q

What is the oxygen dosage for CHF with respiratory distress?

A

High-flow oxygen via NRB at 10–15 L/min; consider CPAP if available and allowed by protocol.

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7
Q

What is the oxygen dosage for CHF with respiratory distress?

A

High-flow oxygen via NRB at 10–15 L/min; consider CPAP if available and allowed by protocol.

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