Childhood Viruses

Question 1

What type of genome does Measles Virus have?

Answer 1

(-)ssRNA

Question 2

What is the virion of the measles virus?

Answer 2

Enveloped

Question 3

What is the replication process for measles?

Answer 3

After entry, (-)ssRNA must form mRNA which will be translated into proteins and eventually full genomes which travel to the cell surface and bud out.

Question 4

How is Measles virus usually spread?

Answer 4

Inhalation of aerosolized droplets

Question 5

How does measles virus interfere with the host immune system?

Answer 5

Interference with CD46 and signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) receptors

Question 6

What are the symptoms of measles virus?

Answer 6

2-3 days of fever + cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis. Rash.

Question 7

What is the primary prevention method for measles virus?

Answer 7

Vaccination (live attenuated vaccine) provides life long immunity.

Question 8

What type of genome does Respiratory Syncytial Virus have?

Answer 8

(-)ssRNA

Question 9

What type of virion does Respiratory Syncytial Virus have?

Answer 9

Enveloped

Question 10

What is the target cell for Respiratory Syncytial Virus infection?

Answer 10

Ciliated cells in the respiratory tract epithelium

Question 11

Is respiratory Syncytial Virus able to become a systemic infection?

Answer 11

RSV is limited to the respiratory tract

Question 12

Does infection of Respiratory Syncytial Virus cause life long immunity?

Answer 12

No - Epitopes change often enough that your body will not recognize the next infection

Question 13

How can you prevent Respiratory Syncitial Virus?

Answer 13

NO ANTIVIRALS; NO VACCINE…WASH HANDS

Question 14

What Viral family does Measles Virus belong to?

Answer 14

Paramyxovirus

Question 15

What Viral family does Respiratory Syncitial Virus belong to?

Answer 15

Paramyxovirus

Question 16

What Viral family does Varicella Zoster Virus belong to?

Answer 16

Alphaherpesvirus

Question 17

What type of genome does Varicella Zoster Virus have?

Answer 17

dsDNA, large

Question 18

What type of virion does Varicella Zoster Virus have?

Answer 18

Enveloped

Question 19

What disease does Varicella Zoster Virus cause?

Answer 19

Chickenpox

Question 20

How does Varicella Zoster Virus replicate?

Answer 20

Must be in an active cell (can infect resting cell and cause latent infection).

Question 21

What are the symptoms of Varicella Zoster Virus disease?

Answer 21

Fever, malaise, headache followed in 1-2 days by a rash.

Question 22

What is the difference between smallpox and chickenpox?

Answer 22

Chickenpox is primarily on torso. Smallpox if face/arms/legs.

Question 23

How is chickenpox prevented?

Answer 23

Vaccination;

Antivirals - Acyclovir; Interferes with genome replication

Question 24

What family of Virus does Poliovirus belong to?

Answer 24

Picornavirus

Question 25

What type of genome does Poliovirus have?

Answer 25

(+)ssRNA

Question 26

What type of virion does Poliovirus have?

Answer 26

Non-enveloped

Question 27

How does Poliovirus (picornovirus) manipulate the cell for its own growth?

Answer 27

(+)ssRNA can be used as a template for translation when ribosomes attach to their IRES region. They also shut off host cell transcription of 5' caps so that the ribosomes do not bind to any host mRNA and they are forced to translate the viral (+)ssRNA

Question 28

How is poliovirus spread?

Answer 28

Ingestion of contaminated material (fecal matter)

Question 29

What prevention is available for poliovirus?

Answer 29

Two vaccines available - Salk (killed) and Sabin (live attenuated)

Question 30

What is the family of Rotavirus?

Answer 30

Reoviridae

Question 31

What type of genome does Rotavirus have?

Answer 31

dsRNA, 11 segments

Question 32

What type of virion does Rotavirus have?

Answer 32

Non-enveloped

Question 33

How does a Rotavirus replicate in the cell?

Answer 33

The virus will replicate inside the nucleocapsid - dsRNA never exposes itself to the cell.

Question 34

How is Rotavirus transfered?

Answer 34

Ingestion of fecally contaminated material

Question 35

What symptoms are a result of rotavirus?

Answer 35

Vomiting, fever, diarrhea for 3-8 days

Question 36

How is rotavirus prevented?

Answer 36

No vaccine available No antivirals WASH HANDS and RE-HYDRATE after contraction