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Bio 156 > Chp 1 Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Chp 1 Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

Anatomy

A

study of body structures

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2
Q

Physiology

A

study of how living organisms perform there functions

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3
Q

Gross Anatomy

A

examination of large structures eg. unaided eye

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4
Q

Surface Anatomy

A

study general form, surface structures

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5
Q

Regional Anatomy

A

anatomical organization of specific body areas

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6
Q

microscopic anatomy

A

looking at cell structure

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7
Q

2 types of microscopic anatomy?

A

cytology, histology

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8
Q

cytology

A

study of cell structure

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9
Q

histology

A

study of tissues

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10
Q

cell physiology

A

study of cell function

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11
Q

systemic physiology

A

study of body systems

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12
Q

organ physiology

A

study of function of specific organ

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13
Q

pathophysiology

A

study of effects disease have on functions of body systems

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14
Q

structure related to ____

A

function

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15
Q

2 invasive techniques?

A

surgery, autopsy

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16
Q

Non Invasive Techniques (4)

A

Inspection, Palpation, Auscultation, Percussion

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17
Q

Inspection

A

observe body proportions, appearance, posture etc.

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18
Q

Palpation

A

feel body

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19
Q

Auscultation

A

listen to body

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20
Q

Percussion

A

tap body surface

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21
Q

What are 5 medical imaging techniques?

A

CT scan, Xray, MRI, PET scan, Ultrasound

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22
Q

CT scan name?

A

computed tomography

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23
Q

CT scan is a ____ xray, produces ___ ____ image, and is ____

A

moving, soft tissue, 3D

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24
Q

two ways CT scan can display images?

A

barium swallow, enema

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25
X-ray is a ____ image, has high energy _____ that penetrates _____
2-D, radiation, tissues
26
Radiopacity
stop passage of X-ray
27
Radiopaque
absorbs x-ray well
28
PET Scan is when ____ emit ____ rays
tissues, gamma
29
Radionuclide
biologically active molecule
30
Ultrasound produces _______
sound waves
31
whats the level of body organization? ____ --> ____ --> ___ --> ____ --> ____ --> ____
chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
32
Catabolism is?
breakdown of complex molecules to simple molecules
33
Anabolism is?
building of complex molecules from simple molecules
34
Characteristics of Living Human?
- dna - growth - metabolism - respond to stimuli - differentiation - movement - reproduce
35
Metabolism happens in two ways ____ or _____
catabolism, anabolism
36
Homeostasis
maintain relatively constant internal environment
37
Two types of Homeostasis are?
Extrinsic Regualtion, Autoregulation (Intrinsic Regulation)
38
Extrinsic Regualtion happens in the ____ system and ____ system
nervous, endocrine
39
When extrinsic regulation happens in nervous system response is ____ and outcome is _____
quick, short
40
when extrinsic regulation happens in endocrine system response is ____ and outcome is ____
longer, longer
41
Autoregulation is when?
cell, tissue, organ, organ system adjusts in response to environmental change
42
what are 3 components of feedback system?
receptor, control center, effector
43
vasodilation
increase diameter of blood vessels
44
Negative Feedback
reverse original stimulus and impose change to stimulus
45
Positive Feedback
enhance original stimulus and exaggerate original stimulus
46
example of negative feedback?
thermoregulation
47
2 examples of positive feedback?
blood clotting, stretching of cervix
48
homeostatic imbalance can = ____ or ____
disorder, disease
49
what are two kinds of disease?
local, systemic
50
local disease
limited region
51
systemic disease
many parts, entire body
52
symptoms are ______
not measurable
53
signs are _____
measured
54
prone position
face down
55
supine position
face up
56
anatomical position
palms turned forward subject stands facing observer upper extremities at side feet flat
57
what are two body cavities
dorsal cavity, ventral body cavity
58
what is the ventral body cavity divided by?
diaphragm
59
what two cavities are in the ventral body cavity?
superior thoracic cavity, inferior abdominal pelvic cavity
60
within inferior abdominal pelvic cavity there is _____ cavity and ____ cavity
superior abdominal, inferior pelvic
61
within the superior thoracic cavity there is left and right ____ cavities
pleural
62
separating the left and right ____ cavity is the ______
pleural, mediastinum
63
Parietal Layer is lines?
lines walls of cavities
64
Visceral Layer is where?
covers/adheres to organ
65
What are the Body cavity membranes?
1. Pleura 2. Pericardial 3. Peritoneal
66
Pleura surrounds the ____
lungs
67
Pericardial surrounds the ____
heart
68
Peritoneal surrounds the ____
serous membrane of abdominopelvic cavity
69
what are two kinds of serous membrane? ____ and _____
parietal, visceral
70
Visceral Pleura ____ to _____ of _____
clings, surface, lungs
71
Parietal Pleura lines ______
thoracic cavity walls
72
Visceral Pericardium ____ surface ____
covers, heart
73
Parietal Pericardium lines _____ of _____
inner surface, sac
74
Visceral Peritoneum covers __________
viscera abdominopelvic cavity
75
Parietal Peritoneum lines ____ of ______
wall, abdominopelvic cavity
76
Retroperitoneal is ______ peritoneal lining and ______ cavity
between, abdominal wall
77
spiral CT Scan
higher quality image, less radiation emitted
78
PET Scan name
positron emission tomography
79
MRI name
magnetic resonance imaging
80
MRI you are exposed to?
high energy magnetic field

Bio 156 (10 decks)

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