Chp 5 Accessory Structures/Inflammation

Question 1

Accessories of skin include?

Answer 1

hair, nails, glands

Question 2

accessories of skin all derived from ____

Answer 2

epidermis

Question 3

What is each hair composed of?

Answer 3

columns of dead, keratinized cells bounded with proteins

Question 4

Hair consists of ____ and ____

Answer 4

shaft, root

Question 5

Shaft is?

Answer 5

superficial portion

Question 6

Root is?

Answer 6

deep portion, penetrates into dermis sometimes

Question 7

what 3 concentric layers does hair consist?

Answer 7

1. Inner Medulla
2. Middle Cortex
3. Outer Cuticle

Question 8

Inner Medulla

Answer 8

flexible soft keratin, thin hair

Question 9

Middle cortex contains?

Answer 9

thick layers hard keratin, hair colour

Question 10

Outer cuticle is?

Answer 10

single layer of flat keratinized cells, thin

Question 11

root of each hair is surrounded by _____ and has ____ at base

Answer 11

hair follicle, bulb

Question 12

What does each hair follicle go through?

Answer 12

growth cycle

Question 13

Growth cycle consists of ____ and ____, end of growth cycle called?

Answer 13

growing stage 2-5 years, resting stage 3 months, club cycle

Question 14

Arrector Pili Muscle

Answer 14

bundle smooth muscle cells associated with bulb

Question 15

Goose Bumps muscles contract pull _____ hair into perpendicular poison to skin surface

Answer 15

arrector pili, perpendicular, shaft

Question 16

Nails

Answer 16

plates tightly packed, hard, keratinized epidermal cells

Question 17

Nail Root

Answer 17

proximal portion buried in fold of skin

Question 18

What do exocrine glands do?

Answer 18

secrete products on outer surface of body

Question 19

What are 6 skin glands?

Answer 19

Sebaceous Glands 
Sudoriferous Glands 
Eccrine Sweat Glands 
Apocrine Sweat Glands 
Ceruminous Glands 
Mammary Glands

Question 20

Sebaceous Glands secrete?

Answer 20

sebum mixture fat, cholesterol, proteins, salts, pheromones

Question 21

What is sebum?

Answer 21

provides lubrication stops bacteria

Question 22

Sebaceous glands secrete ____ directly into _____ or directly onto _____ surface

Answer 22

sebum, hair follicles, skin

Question 23

Acne is?

Answer 23

bacterial inflammation of sebaceous glands

Question 24

Sudoriferous Glands include?

what shape are these glands?

Answer 24

Eccrine Sweat Glands, Apocrine Sweat Glands

tubular

Question 25

Eccrine Sweat glands secrete? | where do they secrete?

Answer 25

watery sweat some solutes | skin surface

Question 26

Apocrine Sweat Glands secrete? | where does secrete?

Answer 26

watery substance with some lipids/proteins | hair follicles

Question 27

Diaphoresis is?

Answer 27

excessive sweating due to heart attack or shock

Question 28

Ceruminous Glands proudce? | Where does it empty?

Answer 28

waxy substance, cerumen | ear canal

Question 29

Cerumen is?

Answer 29

mixture of sebum and wax

Question 30

Mammary Glands produce?

Answer 30

produce milk

Question 31

Inflammatory Response is?

Answer 31

is localized tissue response to injury

Question 32

conditions associated with inflammation described using suffix ____

Answer 32

itis

Question 33

what are 3 main purposes of inflammation?

Answer 33

1. neutralize harmful agents 2. limit spread harmful agents 3. prepare damaged tissue for repair

Question 34

what are cardinal sign in area injury/inflammation?

Answer 34

``` tumor rubor calor dalor functio laesa ```

Question 35

``` tumor = ____ rubor = _____ calor = ____ dalor = ____ laesa functio = ______ ```

Answer 35

``` swelling redness heat pain loss of function ```

Question 36

what chemicals do damaged cells release? and in what phase of inflammation response?

Answer 36

prostaglandins, cytokines , inflammation

Question 37

mast cells release? (3)

Answer 37

histamine, heparin, prostaglandins

Question 38

what does histamine do?

Answer 38

increases capillary permeability and accelerate blood flow to affected areas

Question 39

Prostaglandins help us feel ____

Answer 39

pain

Question 40

Escharotomy

Answer 40

cutting of skin, relieve swelling in third degree burns (full thickness burns)

Question 41

Rule of Nines

Answer 41

estimating burn area quickly, determines how much fluid someone needs

Question 42

Head = __ %

Answer 42

9

Question 43

Trunk = ___ %

Answer 43

36

Question 44

Upper Limbs = ____% each limb is ____ %

Answer 44

18, 9

Question 45

Lower Limbs = ____ % so each limb is ___ %

Answer 45

36 , 18

Question 46

Permineum = ____ %

Answer 46

1

Question 47

Autograph is...

Answer 47

skin taken from individual

Question 48

Isograph is...

Answer 48

skin taken from identical twin

Question 49

Split Thickness Graph is...

Answer 49

transplant epidermis and papillary epidermis layer

Question 50

Full Thickness Graph is...

Answer 50

transplant epidermis, papillary, reticular layer taken from

Question 51

Autologous Skin Graph is....

Answer 51

skin grown outside of body

Question 52

Burn is...?

Answer 52

tissue damage caused by excessive heat

Question 53

First Degree Burns involve? | characterized?

Answer 53

Epidermis | no blistering, redness

Question 54

Second Degree Burn involves? | Characterized?

Answer 54

Epidermis maybe parts dermis | blisters, redness

Question 55

Third Degree Burn involves? | characterized?

Answer 55

destroys epidermis, dermis, possibly SubQ | numb, skin function lost

Question 56

What is Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infection?

Answer 56

greenish area infected from burn

Question 57

Third degree is over ___ % of body ____

Answer 57

10, surface

Question 58

Second Degree is over ____ % of body ____

Answer 58

25, surface

Question 59

What are 4 steps of Inflammation Response?

Answer 59

1. Inflammation 2. Migration 3. Proliferation 4. Scarring Phase

Question 60

Inflammation: ____ begins and ____ cells trigger response and release ____ and ____ which aid in _____

Answer 60

bleeding, mast, histamine, heparin, blood clotting

Question 61

Migration: ___ forms, ______ migrates to edge which forms ______ tissue which is _______ for blood clotting

Answer 61

scab, stratum basal, granulation, fibroblast

Question 62

Proliferation: ____ dissolves

Answer 62

scab

Question 63

Scarring Phase: ____ sheds and ____ may arise due to much _____

Answer 63

scab, keloid, fibrin

Question 64

scab is made up of ___ and ____

Answer 64

fibrin, collagen