Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pathophysiology > Class 5 > Flashcards

Class 5 Flashcards

(71 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

The space inside blood vessels and capillaries

A

Intravascular space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the fluid space between cells

A

interstitial space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Edema

A

excess fluid in the interstitial space. A result of increased net filtration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Filtration

A

Movement out of the intravascular space and into interstitial space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Reabsorption

A

The opposite of filtration. Movement out of interstitial space and into intravascular space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

edema increases with?

A

filtration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

edema decreases with?

A

Reabsorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Hydrostatic pressure

A

the PUSHING force of a fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Oncotic pressure

A

The PULLING force of large particles such as albumin dissolved in plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

If there is greater hydrostatic pressure in the intravascular space space than in the interstitial space…?

A

Fluid will be pushed out of the intravascular space and into the interstitial space (filtration)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

If interstitial hydrostatic pressure is greater in the interstitial space than in the intravascular space…?

A

Fluid will be pushed back into the intravascular space (reabsorption)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

if the intravascular (capillary) oncotic pressure is greater than the interstitial oncotic pressure….?

A

Fluid will be pulled back into the intravascular space from the interstitial space (reabsorption)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

If interstitial oncotic pressure is greater than the intravascular (capillary) oncotic pressure…?

A

fluid will be pulled out of the intravascular space and into the interstitial space (filtration)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

forces that favour filtration

A

Intravascular (capillary) hydrostatic pressure and Interstitial oncotic pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Forces that favour reabsorption

A

Intravascular (capillary) oncotic pressure and interstitial hydrostatic pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Example of an intravascular fluid volume deficit

A

dehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Dehydration is a?

A

isotonic loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What age group has the highest amount of body water?

A

babies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The majority of the bodies fluid is in the?

A

intracellular space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Example of a intravascular fluid excess?

A

fluid overload

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

intravascular fluid overload is a?

A

isotonic gain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Fluid over load caused BP to?

A

increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Why does fluid overload cause edema?

A

because excess volume in the intravascular space causes increased capillary hydrostatic pressure and therefore pushes water out of intravascular space and into interstitial space (filtration)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Edema can be caused by? (4 things)

A
  1. increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
  2. decreased capillary (colloid) oncotic pressure
  3. Lymphatic obstruction
  4. Increased capillary permeability
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
congestive heart failure, renal failure and cirhosis of the liver cause?
increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
26
liver disease or protein malnutrition causes?
decreased plasma oncotic pressure because less plasma proteins are being made
27
Sodium is a major regulator of
osmotic forces
28
In hypertonic solutions, water will?
shift out of cells
29
Hypertonic solution
More sodium in the solution, so water will shift out of the cell
30
Fluid overload is a?
isotonic excess, meaning sodium and water are lost in proportion to each other.
31
Hypotonic imbalances mean water will shift?
into cells because now there is more water in the cells environment and less in the cell, therefore water moves in
32
concentration of extracellular fluid is decreased in?
hypotonic imbalances
33
what is the primary intracellular cation
potassium (K+)
34
Sodium (Na) is mostly..?
extracellular
35
volatile acids
can be eliminated through the lungs as CO2 gas
36
Nonvolatile acids
can be eliminated by the kidneys
37
Carbonic acid is a?
volatile acid
38
Bicarbonate (HCO3-) is a?
base that is conserved or excreted by the renal tubules
39
Respiratory acidosis
too much PCO2
40
Respiratory acidosis is caused by
Slow shallow breathing or poor gas exchange
41
respiratory alkalosis
too little PCO2
42
Respiratory alkalosis is caused by
rapid, deep breathing
43
Metabolic acidosis
too little bicarbonate (HCO3-)
44
Metabolic alkalosis
too much bicarbonate ion or not enough acid
45
potassium imbalances mostly affect the
heart
46
sodium imbalances mostly affect the
brain
47
normal value of pH?
7.35-7.45
48
Normal value of PCO2?
35 - 45
49
Normal value of HCO3-?
22-26
50
Renal failure will cause
increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
51
Heart failure will cause
increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
52
Venous thrombosis (thrombophlebitis) will cause
increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
53
Protein losing kidney disease will cause
decreased capillary oncotic pressure
54
allergic reaction will cause
increased capillary permeability
55
Radial masectomy will cause
lymph obstruction
56
Giving a diuretic drug will relieve edema by?
decreasing capillary hydrostatic pressure (fluid stays in the capillary to be excreted)
57
elevating edematous feet will relieve edema by?
improving venous return
58
putting on elastic support stockings will decrease edema by?
increase interstitial hydrostatic pressure
59
administering IV albumin will decrease edema by?
Increasing plasma oncotic pressure
60
Increased ADH will lead to?
a hypotonic fluid imbalance
61
insufficient ADH could cause?
Hypernatremia
62
Acute acidosis could cause?
hyperkalemia
63
Hyperaldosteronism could lead to?
hypokalemia
64
Insufficient ADH will cause
a hypertonic imbalance (Pee out water and keep sodium)
65
Hypertonic fluid imbalances are primarily related to?
cell dehydration
66
Increased ADH will cause?
a hypotonic imbalance (too much water reabsorbed)
67
Decreased reflexes occur with?
hypotonic imbalances
68
Increased reflexes occur with?
hypertonic imbalances
69
Hypoaldosteronism can cause?
Hyperkalemia
70
Hyperaldosteronism can cause?
hypokalemia
71
Which acid is excreted through the the lungs?
carbonic acid

Pathophysiology (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions