Class 5 Flashcards
(12 cards)
Mental Disorder
A set of behavioural or psychological symptoms that are not in keeping with social norms and are severe enough to cause significant personal distress or impairment to social occupational or personal functioning
Anxiety Disorder
Excessive fear and or anxiety
Avoidance behaviours
Sympathetic activation in the absence of threat
Specific anxiety disorders
Phobias
- very specific fear
- treatment = behavioural therapy (exposure therapy), systematic desensitization, flooding
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
- excessive anxiety without specific cause
- treatment = biomedical anxiolytics, benzodiazepines, Xanax
Social Anxiety Disorder
- anxiety around social situations
- treatment = talk therapy, cognitive behavioural therapy (and medications)
Panic Disorders
- includes panic attacks
Depressive disorders
sad, empty and or irritable mood
Not related to normal grief
Specific diagnoses
- depressed or irritable mood
- fatigue/loss of energy
- feelings of worthlessness or guilt
- impaired concentration, indecisiveness
- insomnia or hypersomnia
- loss of interest or pleasure in almost all activities
- restlessness or feeling slowed down
- recurring thoughts of death or suicide
- significant weight gain or loss
What is the monoamine hypothesis of depression
Predicts that the underlying pathophysiologic basis of depression is a depletion in the levels of serotonin, norepinephrine and of dopamine in the central nervous system
What is bipolar disorder
Bridge between psychotic and depressive disorders
Involve episodes and oscillations
Specific diagnoses
- bipolar 1
- bipolar 2
- Cyclothymic disorder
What are schizophrenia spectrum and psychotic disorders
Delusions hallucinations
Disorganized speech and thoughts
May involve negative symptoms
Involve a general detachment from objective reality
Specific diagnoses
- delusional disorder
- brief psychotic disorder
- schizophrenia
- schizoaffective disorder
What are trauma and stressor related disorders
Exposure to traumatic or stressful event
Exhibit any of a wide range of symptoms
Specific diagnoses
- post-traumatic stress disorder
- acute stress disorder
- adjustment disorders
Personality disorders
Enduring often lifetime patterns of inflexible behaviours across a range of settings and relationships
Diagnosis begins in adolescence or early adulthood
HIGH comorbidity
Specific diagnoses
- cluster A = odd/eccentric, paranoid schizoid and schozotyoal personality disorders
- cluster B = dramatic/erratic, antisocial borederline, histrionic, narcissistic
- Cluster C = anxious/fearful, avoidant dependent and obsessive-compulsive
Obsessive compulsive disorder
Obsessions (thoughts or urges) and or compulsions (repetitive behaviours)
Specific diagnoses
- obsessive compulsive disorder
- body dysmorphic disorder
- hoarding disorder
- trichotillomania (hair pulling)
Somatic symptom disorders
Excessive and or medically unexplainable symptoms
Commonly encountered in primary care
Specific diagnoses
- somatic symptom disorder
- illness anxiety disorder
- conversion disorder
- factitious disorder
Dissociative disorders
Disruptions and or discontinuities in core identity
Abnormal integration of consciousness identity emotion etc
Specific diagnoses
- dissociated identity disorder
- dissociative amnesia
- depersonalizations/derealization
