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T3 Systems :( > CNS Class 13 (Epilepsy) > Flashcards

CNS Class 13 (Epilepsy) Flashcards

1
Q

T/F epilepsy is one of the most common CNS disorders

A

true

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2
Q

_____ a sudden onset, self limiting episode of physical or psychological dysfunction

A

seizure

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3
Q

another word used in regards to a seizure is _____

A

ictal

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4
Q

irritable or epileptogenic ______: a specific location in brain tissue (tumor, aneurysm etc.) which irritates neurons causing them to fire abnormally

A

focus

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5
Q

T/F you can only have a seizure if you have epilepsy

A

false

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6
Q

T/F patients normally only have one irritable focus

A

false

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7
Q

an ______, is a sensory hallucination and in people with epilepsy it is classified as focal onset awareness

A

aura

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8
Q

_____ ______ seizures are sometimes called warnings or auras because sometimes they can develop into another type of seizure

A

focal awareness

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9
Q

TT/F every patient experiences the exact same aura as a warning sign

A

false

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10
Q

T/F each person will normally have about 1 or 2 auras that are characteristic for them

A

true

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11
Q

a _____ aura would include something like flashing lights

A

visual

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12
Q

a ______ aura would include something like an unpleasant scent

A

smell

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13
Q

a _____ aura would be something like a weird taste

A

taste

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14
Q

T/F a typical aura for some epilepsy patients includes deja vu

A

true

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15
Q

a ______ is a stimulus - usually sensory that produces abnormal brain activity

A

trigger

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16
Q

sleep deprivation, fatigue, anxiety, hormonal changes, and overstimulation are all examples of:

A

triggers

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17
Q

T/F 75% of seizures happen before 18

A

true

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18
Q

50% of seizures are ______

A

idiopathic

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19
Q

cerebral palsy, autism, learning disabilities like dyslexic and psychosis are all examples of disorders associated with ______

A

seizures

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20
Q

at the histological level there is an ______ of excitatory and inhibitory neurochemistry

A

imbalance

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21
Q

reduced _____ mediated inhibitory processes alter the sodium potassium

A

GABA

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22
Q

Depolarized = _______
Repolarized = ________

A

firing, resting

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23
Q

panic attacks, hypoglycemia, paroxysmal movement disorders and TIA’s are examples of things that are _______ as _______

A

misdiagnosed as epilepsy

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24
Q

medications for seizures are used ___ term and most people need ____ kinds

A

long, two

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25
Q

surgery is a _____ _____

A

last resort

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26
Q

T/F there are many types of epileptic seizures

A

true

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27
Q

the 3 major groups of seizure types includes _________ onset, ______ onset and _______ onset

A

generalized, focal and unknown

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28
Q

some epilepsy causes in seniors includes certain prescription ______ _______, stroke, dementia, _______ and brain tumours

A

drug use, infections

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29
Q

the most common cause of epilepsy worldwide is _________

A

infections

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30
Q

infections causing epilepsy includes, ___, viral encephalitis, bacterial meningitis and ________

A

HIV, tuberculosis

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31
Q

when depolarization is over _______ rushes back into the neuron

A

potassium

32
Q

at a histological level during a seizure, the shift in the balance of ______ and ______ neurochemistry set off intense spontaneous depolarizations

A

exctiatory and inhibitory

33
Q

Epilepsy is diagnosed using a ___

A

EEG (electroencephalogram)

34
Q

_______ seizures affect both sides of the brain or groups of cells on both sides of the brain at the same time

A

generalized

35
Q

_______ -________: formerly known as Grand Mal or convulsive seizures

A

tonic-clonic

36
Q

T/F in a tonic-clonic seizure, tonus begins first

A

true

37
Q

tonic-clonic seizures normally begin with an _____ for some people

A

aura

38
Q

T/F during a tonic-clonic seizure, one might bite their tongue

A

true

39
Q

_______ and incontinence may occur during a tonic clinic seizure

A

cyanosis

40
Q

consciousness returns _____ after a tonic-clonic seizure, afterward, the person may be ______ or irritable for up to 48 hours

A

slowly, sleepy

41
Q

the typical duration for a tonic-clonic seizure is ___-___ minutes

A

1- 3

42
Q

T/F tonic-clonic seizures are a very common seizure type and are one of the most dangerous/ subject to frequent complications

A

true

43
Q

an _____ seizure is formerly known as petit mal

A

absence

44
Q

a person stares into space or has a blank look, these symptoms describe an ______ seizure

A

absence

45
Q

absence seizures normally last less than ____ seconds but atypical ones may last upwards of ___ seconds

A

10,20

46
Q

T/F absence seizures can happen at any time, including during physical activity

A

True

47
Q

the most common age to experience absence seizures is ___-____

A

4-14

48
Q

T/F major symptoms follow an absence seizure

A

false

49
Q

______ or drop attacks/ drop seizures include part or all of the body becoming limp

A

atonic

50
Q

if standing during atonic seizure, the person usually ____ to the ____

A

falls to the ground

51
Q

atonic seizures normally last less than ___ seconds

A

15

52
Q

during ____ seizures people may get injured when they fall, head protection such as a helmet or other protective gear may be needed

A

atonic

53
Q

T/F atonic seizures begin in adulthood

A

false, they begin in childhood and MAY last into adult years

54
Q

a _____ seizure is a sudden,brief, jerky contraction usually causing abnormal movements BL

A

myoclonic

55
Q

T/F myoclonic seizures usually last 5-10 seconds

A

false, 1-2 seconds

56
Q

when a myoclonic seizure ends, the person usually _______ what they were doing before the seizure

A

continues

57
Q

T/F after a myoclonic seizure, the person is awake and able to think clearly

A

true

58
Q

____ onset seizure can start in one area or a group of cells in ONE side of the brain

A

focal

59
Q

__________ _______ seizures only occur on one side of the body; it progresses in a predictable pattern, from twitching or a tingling sensation and continuing down their entire body from head to toe

A

jacksonian march

60
Q

T/F jacksonian march seizures are extremely violent

A

false, they are generally brief and mild, no confusion afterwards

61
Q

_____ onset impaired awareness (formerly known as a psychomotor seizure)

A

focal

62
Q

a person feeling confused or with their awareness affected in some way; this is an example of,

A

focal onset impaired awareness

63
Q

T/F focal onset impaired awareness is usually seen in children

A

false, adults

64
Q

F.O.I.A may begin with ______ feelings or experiential hallucinations

A

strange

65
Q

duration of F.O.I.A is normally ___ seconds to ___ minutes

A

30, 2

66
Q

F.O.I.A may include ______ (Semicoordinated, repetitive motor activities that are associated with impaired awareness)

A

automatism

67
Q

lip-smacking movements, getting up and walking out the door and sleepwalking are all examples of _______

A

automatism

68
Q

T/F post ictal amnesia is typical during F.O.I.A

A

True

69
Q

_____ are a common occurrence with epilepsy, any seizures that involve loss of consciousness or spastic movements are especially risky

A

injuries

70
Q

______ ______ aka postictal paralysis; when a seizure is followed by a brief period of temporary paralysis

A

todd’s paralysis

71
Q

T/F todds paralysis can last up to 36 hours

A

true

72
Q

_______ ________ occurs when a seizure lasts too long (greater than 5 minutes)

A

status epilepticus

73
Q

_____ ______ can occur in convulsive seizures, usually as a result of heart muscle dysthymia

A

cardiac arrest

74
Q

________ _______ is most often a result of airway blockage

A

respiratory arrest

75
Q

15-30% of individuals experience an increase in seizure activity while ________

A

pregnant

76
Q

As an RMT be sure to eliminate any potential ______ for epileptic patients

A

triggers

77
Q

if your patient begins to have a seizure, put them in the _____ position on the table or the floor

A

recovery

T3 Systems :( (12 decks)

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