Spinal Cord Injuries Class 1

Question 1

the spinal cord ends at ___/____

Answer 1

L1/L2

Question 2

L1/L2 aka _____ ______

Answer 2

conus medullaris

Question 3

T/F the cauda equina is NOT considered part of the spinal cord

Answer 3

true

Question 4

T/F there are 8 cervical spinal nerves but only 7 cervical vertebrae

Answer 4

true

Question 5

efferent neurons send axons into the ____ ____

Answer 5

ventral roots

Question 6

projection fibres send axons into ______ _____ matter to travel to the brain

Answer 6

spinal white

Question 7

axons form tracts associated with _______ spinal pathways

Answer 7

ascending

Question 8

interneurons: the axons remain in the _____ _____ matter to determine _____ _____ of the spinal cord

Answer 8

spinal grey, reflex responses

Question 9

T/F ascending pathways normally start with “spino”

Answer 9

true

Question 10

cutaneous receptors, proprioceptors, and visceral receptors throughout most of the body received _____ _____ information such as pain`

Answer 10

sensory afferent

Question 11

the anterior spinothalamic tract is an _______ tract

Answer 11

ascending

Question 12

the signals transmitted via the anterior thalamic tract is considered ______ or non discriminative touch

Answer 12

crude

Question 13

the anterior thalamic tract is located within the anterior ____ _____ within the spinal cord

Answer 13

white matter

Question 14

the anterior thalamic tract ascends ________

Answer 14

contralaterally

Question 15

in terms of decussation, where/when does the anterior spinothalamic tract decussate

Answer 15

immediately upon entry into the SC

Question 16

the ______ spinothalamic tract senses pain and temperature

Answer 16

lateral

Question 17

the lateral spinothalamic tract is located in the lateral ______ ________ within the spinal cord

Answer 17

white matter

Question 18

the lateral spinothalamic tract ascends _________

Answer 18

contralaterally

Question 19

the lateral spinothalamic tract decussates ______ upon entry into the spinal cord

Answer 19

immediately

Question 20

the _____ columns transmit discriminative touch and are located in the dorsal white matter

Answer 20

dorsal

Question 21

the dorsal columns ascend _______

Answer 21

ipsilaterally

Question 22

the dorsal columns decussate in the ______ (medulla)

Answer 22

brainstem

Question 23

the ______cerebellar tract transmits unconscious proprioception and is located in the lateral ______ ______

Answer 23

spinocerebellar, white matter

Question 24

the spinocerebellar tract ascends ________

Answer 24

ipsilaterally

Question 25

T/F the spinocerebellar tract does not decussate

Answer 25

true

Question 26

in the lower body, conscious proprioception and vibration travel via the ______ ______

Answer 26

fasciculus gracilis

Question 27

in the upper body, conscious proprioception and vibration travel via the ______ _______

Answer 27

fasciculus cutaneous

Question 28

2 tracts in the anterolateral system include the ________spinothalamic & _______ spinothalamic tract

Answer 28

anterior, lateral

Question 29

T/F both the anterior and lateral spinothalamic tracts are 3 neuron pathways

Answer 29

true

Question 30

the ___________ tract aka "double crosser" usually crosses ipsilaterally however 10% of the time it can cross contralateral

Answer 30

spinocerebellar

Question 31

T/F the spinocerebellar tract has a 3rd order neuron

Answer 31

false

Question 32

the corticospinal (pyramidal) pathway is a ______ pathway

Answer 32

descending

Question 33

the signal produced by the corticospinal tract is ________ skeletal muscle

Answer 33

voluntary

Question 34

the cortiocospinal tract is ___% in the lateral white matter and ___% in the anterior white matter

Answer 34

80%, 20%

Question 35

T/F the cortiocspinal descends ipsilaterally & contralaterally

Answer 35

true

Question 36

the corticospinal tract decussates in the _______ @ _____ level

Answer 36

brainstem, @ spinal level

Question 37

the extra-pyramidal tract is in charge of _______ skeletal muscle

Answer 37

involuntary

Question 38

T/F the extrapyramidal tract dampens erratic movements and maintains muscle tone

Answer 38

true

Question 39

the extrapyramidal tract desecnds ______

Answer 39

ipsilaterally

Question 40

the extrapyramidal tract is located in the lateral _____ ____

Answer 40

white matter

Question 41

the extrapyramidal tract decussates at ______ level

Answer 41

spinal

Question 42

T/F all corticospinal tracts first order neurons synapse in the lateral grey horn of the spinal cord with lower motor neurons

Answer 42

false, anterior

Question 43

the _________ tract is in charge of controlling limb flexor muscles

Answer 43

rubrospinal

Question 44

the _________ tract is in charge of reflex responses to visual input

Answer 44

tectospinal

Question 45

the _______ tract is in charge of mediating excitation of limb extensors

Answer 45

vestibulospinal

Question 46

the _______ tract controls reflex activities and muscle tone/ vital functions

Answer 46

reticulospinal

Question 47

the ________ tract conveys information from cutaneous/ proprioceptive organs

Answer 47

olivospinal

Question 48

T/F there are no descending tracts from the cerebellum - as it has an indirect effect on motor activity

Answer 48

true