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Psych > cognition > Flashcards

cognition Flashcards

(43 cards)

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1
Q

 Cognition

A

The mental activities associated with thinking knowing remembering and communicating

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2
Q

Concepts

A

Mental groupings of similar things

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3
Q

Proto types

A

Mental images or examples of a category

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4
Q

Creativity

A

The ability to produce ideas that are both novel and valuable

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5
Q

Convergent thinking

A

determining one best solution

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6
Q

Divergent thinking

A

Expand number of solutions

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7
Q

Components of creativity

A
  1. expertise
  2. Imaginative thinking skills
  3. Aventures some personality
  4. Intrinsic motivation
  5. Creative environment
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8
Q

Expertise

A

Oh well developed base of knowledge

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9
Q

Imaginative thinking skills

A

Recognize patterns and connections

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10
Q

Adventuresome personality

A

New experience, overcome obstacles, tolerate risk

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11
Q

Intrinsic motivation

A

interest, satisfaction, challenge > External pressure

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12
Q

Creative environment

A

Around creative people

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13
Q

Algorithms

A

step-by-step procedures that guarantee a solution
EX. Trying to pick a lock by trying every number combination

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14
Q

Heuristics

A

Short cuts and thinking

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15
Q

insight

A

Sudden realization of a solution

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16
Q

Confirmation bias

A

Looking for evidence to confirm our theories instead of refute them

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17
Q

Mental set

A

approaching a problem with the mindset of what has worked for us in the past

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18
Q

intuition

Study These Flashcards
A

Fast automatic unreason thoughts

19
Q

representativeness heuristic

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A

judging things by how well they match their prototype (May ignore relevant info)
-ex. Truck driver

20
Q

Availability heuristic

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A

Estimating likelihood of events based on how mentally available they are
-ex. Best quarterbacks equal the most recent ones

21
Q

Overconfidence

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A

More confident than correct

22
Q

Belief perseverance

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A

Cling to believes even with contrary evidence

23
Q

Framing

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A

The way a sentence is formed to get a certain response

24
Q

Fixation

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A

Don’t know how to look or solve problems from another point of view

25
phonemes
smallest distinctive sound in language 40 in English
26
Morphemes
smallest unit that carries meaning -100,000 in english 
27
Grammar
Language rules
28
stages of Language development
1. babbling stage (4 mo) 2. Babbling starts to sound like language (10 mo) 3. One word stage (12 mo) 4. Two word phase (24 mo) 5. Starts making sentences (24+)
29
productive language
ability to produce words
30
receptive language
recognizing dif. speech sounds
31
one word stage
1-2 yrs
32
syntax
structure of sentences
33
over generalization
applying a rule to every situation in grammar incorrectly ( kids/ new language learners)
34
Noam Chonskey
Said that everyone is born with the ability to learn grammar
35
Inborn universal grammar theory
Everyone is born with the ability to learn grammar
36
Critical periods of language learning
( best) 0-7, (better) 7-12, (good) 12-18
37
Language determinism
Language determines how we think
38
Nature versus nurture and language
Have to be in an environment that exposes us to language
39
Skinners theory
We learn with rewards
40
language acquisition device (Chomsky)
The ability to pick up language quickly in our brains
41
Semantic grammar
The meaning of a word - Can change based on context
42
Telegraphic speech
to word stage 2 yrs
43
functional Fixedness
using an object in a way it wasn’t intended to be used

Psych (20 decks)

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