cold Flashcards
(7 cards)
Flashcard 1: Pseudoephedrine
Class: Adrenergic Alpha and Beta Agonist
Mechanism: Acts primarily on alpha1 receptors in the smooth muscle of blood vessels in the nasal mucosa, leading to vasoconstriction, reduced blood flow, and decreased nasal edema. Also promotes NE release, enhancing alpha1 (vasoconstriction) and beta2 (bronchodilation) effects.
Use: Relieves nasal congestion.
Side Effects: Dry mouth, headache, hypertension, irritability, nausea, palpitations, hallucinations.
Flashcard 2: Ephedrine (Nasal Drops)
Class: Alpha and Beta Adrenergic Agonist
Mechanism: Same as pseudoephedrine, promoting vasoconstriction and bronchodilation.
Use: Relieves nasal congestion.
Side Effects: Anxiety, headache, insomnia, nausea.
Flashcard 3: Dextromethorphan (Robitussin Dry)
Class: Antitussive Agent
Mechanism: Codeine analogue that inhibits NMDA receptors involved in glutamate signaling, reducing cough reflex transmission to the brain and exerting sedative effects.
Use: Relieves persistent dry cough.
Side Effects: Gastrointestinal disorders.
Flashcard 4: Amylmetacresol (Strepsils)
Class: Antiseptic + Local Anaesthetic
Mechanism: Has antibacterial and antiviral properties to reduce microbial load and a mild local anaesthetic effect for soothing relief.
Use: Symptomatic relief of sore throat and oral infections.
Side Effects: Mild irritation in the mouth, allergic reactions.
Hexylresorcinol (Strepsils Extra Triple Action)
Class: Local Anaesthetic
Mechanism: Provides local anaesthesia for topical use on the mucous membranes of the mouth and throat, with mild antiseptic activity.
Use: Relief of sore throat pain.
Side Effects: None commonly reported.
Benzocaine (Ultra Chloraseptic)
Class: Local Anaesthetic - Sodium Channel Blocker
Mechanism: Blocks sodium channels to prevent pain signal transmission, providing localized pain relief.
Use: Relieves pain from sore throat, oral ulcers, toothaches, and minor skin irritations.
Side Effects: Local irritation, temporary numbness.
