t1 diabetes

Answer 1

Question: Can you tell me about Lispro (Humalog), Aspart (Novorapid), Glulisine (Apidra), and Soluble Insulin?
Answer:

Class: Rapid-acting Insulin Analogues

Mechanism: Mimic normal insulin response to meals → fast onset, short duration

Use:

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM1)

Injected 5–15 minutes before meals, with meals, or immediately after meals

Side Effects: Oedema, weight gain, hypoglycaemia

Answer 2

Question: Can you tell me about Isophane (Humulin I, Insulatard)?
Answer:

Class: Intermediate-acting Insulin

Mechanism: Mimics basal insulin secretion throughout the day

Use:

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM1)

Slower onset, used for background insulin coverage

Side Effects: Oedema, weight gain, hypoglycaemia

Answer 3

Question: Can you tell me about Glargine (Lantus), Detemir (Levemir), and Degludec (Tresiba)?
Answer:

Class: Long-acting Insulin Analogues

Mechanism: Provide steady, long-term insulin release → basal glucose control (not post-meal spikes)

Use:

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM1)

Typically once daily injection for 24+ hour coverage

Side Effects: Oedema, weight gain, hypoglycaemia