COMBANK Weird Stuff

Question 1

Brodmann Area 44, 45

Answer 1

Broca

Question 2

Brodmann Area 22

Answer 2

primary auditory cortex

Question 3

Speech fluidity nonfluent
Comprehension normal
Repetition imparied

Answer 3

Broca (area 44, 45) - inferior frontal gyrus of frontal lobe

Question 4

Speech fluidity fluent
Comprehension intact
Repetition imparied

Answer 4

Conduction aphasia - arcuate fasciculus

Question 5

Speech fluidity impaired
Comprehension impaired
Repetition imparied

Answer 5

Global aphasia - superior temporal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus.
MCC is proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion/stroke.

Question 6

Speech fluidity fluent
Comprehension impaired
Repetition imparied

Answer 6

Wernicke (area 22) - superior temporal gyrus

Question 7

Sleep stage:

• sleep spindles and K-waves
• mixed frequency waves and alpha waves
• theta waves (4-7Hz)
• high amplitude low frequency delta waves
• low voltage, fast frequency EEG –> resembles awake

Answer 7

Stage N2 (non-REM)
Awake or eyes closed
Stage N1
Stage N3
REM

Question 8

diabetes, skin hyperpigmentation, cirrhosis in mid adult life. hereditary.
-lab: saturated transferrin

Answer 8

hereditary hemochromocytosis

Question 9

cyanosis, VSD, pulmonary stenosis, RVH, harsh systolic ejection murmur - a child.

Answer 9

ToF

Question 10

negative nitroblue test - aspergillus and staph a

Answer 10

positive Chronic granulomatous disease

Question 11

rovsing sign is a sign of what?

Answer 11

peritonitis, (acute appendicitis)

Question 12

C5, 6, 7 innervates ___ muscle

Answer 12

serratus anterior

Question 13

C3, 4, 5 innervates ___ muscle

Answer 13

levator scapulae

Question 14

2 umbilical arteries –COT–> 2 MEDIAL or MEDIAN umbilical ligaments? what is the other (medial or median)

Answer 14

mediaL umbilicaL ligament

the median umbilical ligament is a remnant of the urachus.

Question 15

ligamentum arteriosum is a remnant of ___
ligementum venosum is a remnent of ___
ligamentum teres is a remnant of ___

Answer 15

ductus arteriosus
ductus venosus
umbilical vein

Question 16

anti-DNA topoisomerase 1

Answer 16

also known as anti-Scl

systemic scleroderma

Question 17

anti-ro

Answer 17

sjogren

Question 18

anti-U1 RNP

Answer 18

mixed connective tissue disease

Question 19

anti centromere

Answer 19

crest

Question 20

saddle anesthesia and L3 step-off

Answer 20

cauda equina due to spoldylolisthesis (anterior slippage of L3 on L4 vertebral bodies)

Question 21

MMR, influenza, rabies, varicella, and yellow fever vaccines all contain what?

Answer 21

gelatin

Question 22

tx for acute panic disorder

Answer 22

benzo

Question 23

donepezil (Alz D) MOA

Answer 23

AChE inhibitor

Question 24

spinal levels to test (SANS and PANS) for SVT (irregularly irregular rhythm)

Answer 24

test T1-5 and CN10 (–>carotid body or OA manipulation)

Question 25

medicare A v B v. C v D what part: 1. covers outpatient care, doctor's services, physical therapy, occupational therapy 2. prescription drug coverage 3 combo of A and B 4. inpatient hospital care, skilled nursing, hospice, home health care

Answer 25

1. B 2. D ("D" for drugs) 3. C 4. A

Question 26

medicare v. medicaid

Answer 26

medicare is for 65 and older (Care for the eldely because they cared for you). Medicaid is for low income (aid them)

Question 27

What if: -rate of pleural fluid total protein to serum total protein >0.5 or -ratio of pleural fluid LDH to serum LDH >0.6 or -pleural fluid LDH >2/3 upper limit of normal of serum LDH

Answer 27

exudative effusion due to malignancy, PE, lung infection | versus transudative - CHF, cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome

Question 28

acute bacterial sinusitis MCC and two anaerobic

Answer 28

Strep pneumo, Heamophilus influenza, Moraxella (tx these iwth beta-lactam antibiotics and respiratory fluoroquinolones) Bacteroides fragilis and fuscobacterium (metronidazole and clindamycin)

Question 29

what is addisons?

Answer 29

addisons is adrenal insufficiency

Question 30

what can precede pseudomembranous colitis? inflammatory exudate composed of mucinous debris, fibrin, necrotic epithelial cells and polymorphonuclear cells

Answer 30

Clostridium difficile (Toxin A = diarrhea. Toxin A and B for pseudomembranous)

Question 31

inflammatory infiltrate in teh lamina propria neutrophil aggregation within colonic crypts

Answer 31

UC

Question 32

non caseating granulomas iwth inflammatory infiltration of muscularis propria

Answer 32

Crohn

Question 33

older woman with non-healing burning, itching, burning, scaling nipple precancerous?

Answer 33

paget disease of the breast investigeate for ductal Carcinoma

Question 34

tx of NMS

Answer 34

dopamine agonist (bromocriptine) and dantrolene

Question 35

What info sends through: 1. lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus 2. medial geniculate nucleus of the thalamus 3. ventral lateral nucleus of the thalamus 4. ventral posterior medial nucleus 5. Ventral posterior lateral nucleus

Answer 35

1. visual info from superior colliculus, which gets info from the RETINA 2. gets info from the inferior colliculus and superior olive about HEARING, sends to audiotry cortex. 3. gets input from basal ganglia and projects to the primary motor cortex and premotor cortex --> coordinates MOVENT 4. gets info about TASTE from face and projects to BRodman's areas 3, 1, 2 of primary somatosensory cortex 4. gets info about PAIN/TEMP, PROPRIOCEPTION from STT and DC/ML, projects to brodmann's areas 3, 1, 2 of primary somatosensory cortex.

Question 36

what does rubrospinal tract carry?

Answer 36

motor neurons to cervical SC, originates from the red nucleus of the midbrain

Question 37

STT carries ___ to where?? | SCerebellar Tract carries?

Answer 37

STT - P/T to VPL | SCT carries proprioception ipliaterally to cerebellum.

Question 38

What is wrong? | Papilledema, increased ICP, hemiplegia, monocular mydriasis.

Answer 38

uncal herniation (temporal lobe herniates over edge of tentorium), compressing - ips PCA - CN3 - cerebral peduncle (cerbral peduncle)

Question 39

down and out eye

Answer 39

CN3 lesion - only CN 4 (SO --> "down") and CN6 (LR --> "out")

Question 40

what type of herniation can compress anterior cerebral artery?

Answer 40

subfalcine herniation - herniation of medial aspect of cerebral hemisphere, the cingulate gyrus, under the edge of the falx cerebri

Question 41

type of herniation that can increase pressure on posterior fossa.

Answer 41

tonsilar herniation.

Question 42

4year old child with tumor on roof of fourth ventricle. cause obstructive hydrocephalus. See papilledema. Histo - perivascular pseudorosettes (cells with peripherally located nuclei and form a halo around an empty eosinophilic lumen).

Answer 42

ependymoma

Question 43

B9 CNS tumor in sella turcica in 5-10 year olds. Rathke's pouch. Calcification and vision changes.

Answer 43

craniopharyngioma

Question 44

9 year old with malignant CNS tumor that affects posterior fossa or 4th ventricle. gait abn and truncal ataxia and sometimes Increased ICP and VOMITING IN MORNING (non-communicating hydrocephalus). behavior change. HomeWright pseudorosettes (elongated tumor cells arranges around eosinophilic concentric space).

Answer 44

medulloblastoma

Question 45

stabbed in the back: - ips loss of UMN function - ips loss of proprioception - CL loss of P/T

Answer 45

brown sequard - LCST --> descends ipsilateral to innervating side - DC --> descends ipsilaterally to innervating side (fine touch/proprioception) - STT --> descends contralaterally, so contralateral P/T

Question 46

what muscle protects brachial plexus when clavicle is fractured?

Answer 46

subclavius muscle

Question 47

HLA-DR2 is ____. tx is IFN-beta

Answer 47

Multiple sclerosis and SLE

Question 48

Tx ____ with IFN gamma Tx ____ with IFN alpha Tx ___ with trastuzumab

Answer 48

CGD hep B/C HER-2 overexpressing breast cancer

Question 49

what vitamin is a cofactor for pyruvate dehydrogenase, transketolse, and alpha ketoglutarate

Answer 49

thiamine