Comgenital Talipes Equinovarus Flashcards
Clubfoot: congenital anomaly of one or both feet, in that the patient can not __________________
stand with the sole of their feet on the ground
Theories of idiopathic CTEV
Germ plasm theory : _____________ defect in _______ with subsequent ________ changes
Soft tissue theory : _________ defect with _______________ changes
Primary germ plasm; talus; soft tissue
Primary soft tissue ; secondary bony
Anatomy of the foot
Hindfoot- ?
Midfoot- ?
Forefoot-?
Talus, calcaneus
Navicular, cuboid, cuneiforms
Metatarsals and phalanges
Pathology of CTEV
The neck of the talus points ____ward and deviates (medially or laterally?) ,
whereas the body is rotated slightly (in or out?) wards in relation to both the calcaneum and the ankle mortise
down; medially
out
Pathology of CTEV
The skin and soft tissue of the calf and the medial side of the foot are ______ and ________
short and underdeveloped.
Clinicalfeatures
In a normal baby the foot can be _______ and ________ until the toes touch the front of the leg
In clubfoot , this Manoeuvre __________________________ and in severe case, the deformity is fixed
dorsiflexed and everted
meets with varying degrees of resistance
The infant must be examined for associated disorders such as congenital _________ and ________
The absence of creases suggests ______________;
hip dislocation and spina bifida
arthrogryposis
Clinical features in Late presentation
•__________ are present over the dorsum of the foot
•Hypotrophic ___________ artery
•Atrophy of muscles in the ________________ compartment of the leg
• ________ changes of the joints
Callosities
anterior tibial
anterior and posterior
Arthritic
Classification of CTEV
______/________ VS ________/_______
__________ VS _________
Postural or Positional
Fixed/Rigid
Non-syndromic
Syndromic
________ are not true clubfoot
Postural or Positional
Fixed/Rigid clubfoot are _______(fixable without surgery ) or _________ (need surgery? clubfoot
flexible; not flexible
Conservative management of CTEV
_______ METHOD
Fixing the equinus first can lead to ??
PONSETTI
ROCKERBOTTOM FOOT
NON-OPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS
• ___________ Sore
• Cast _________
• ___________ deformity.
•————— talus
• Spurious correction
• ________ nerve palsy
• __________ fracture
Pressure; breakage
Rockerbottom; Flat-topped
Peroneal; Iatrogenic
