Community and Public Health Nursing Flashcards

1
Q

gains in the health of populations have been related largely to changes in safety, sanitation, and personal behavior. T or F

A

True

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2
Q

what is community health nursing

A

nursing practice in the community, with the primary focus on health of individuals, families, and groups in the community.

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3
Q

what is the goal of community health nursing

A

preserve, protect, promote and maintain health

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4
Q

what is public health

A

what society does to assure healthy conditions for people

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5
Q

what it the aim of public health

A

generate a community effort to address public interest in health by applying scientific/technical knowledge to prevent disease/disability

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6
Q

what is community/public health nursing

A

a synthesis of nursing and public health practice

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7
Q

characteristics of community/public health nursing

A

population focused
community oriented
health and prevention focus
interventions at the community/population level
concern for health of all members of a population

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8
Q

what is a population/aggregate

A

Collection of individuals with 1 or more characteristics in common
Members of a community defined by geography
Members of a community defined by a special interest

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9
Q

what is population focused practice

A

Problems and solutions implemented for a population opposed to interventions at the individual level

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10
Q

why population focused practice

A

concerns about care (access, insurance coverage, quality of service, costs)
goals for protecting health, promoting health and preventing disease/disability

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11
Q

who was Florence nightingale

A

1st school for nurses
crimean war 1854-56
“cheaper to promote health than maintain people in sickness”
community health nursing principles developed
“district nursing” established with William Rathbone

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12
Q

who was lillian wald

A

founded henry street settlement and “public health nursing”
originated family focused nursing
stressed health teaching to promote health/prevent disease
1902 established school of nursing in US
Founder of nat’l organization for public health nursing

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13
Q

who was mary breckenridge

A

founder of frontier nursing service in Kentucky

nurse midwifery services, built a hospital, established clinics

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14
Q

concepts in community/public health nursing

A

community as client

community as a partner

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15
Q

educational requirements for public health nursing

A

Baccalaureate - practice

Masters - specialty

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16
Q

what is home health nursing

A

nursing in a persons place of residence

17
Q

types of home health agencies

A

official, voluntary private, hospital based, combination and proprietary

18
Q

inter-professional approach

A

interdisciplinary collaboration is mandated for medicare certified home health agency - MUST BE DOCUMENTED

19
Q

scope of practice for home health nursing

A

health promotion and disease prevention
episodic/intermittent care
short and long-term goals

20
Q

practice fxns of home health nurse

A

Direct care - physical aspect of care (assess, wound) - care MUST BE SKILLED for medicare reimbursement
Indirect care - activities done by a nurse to improve/coordinate care (consult, refer)

21
Q

standards of community health nursing is developed by

A

ANA - uses nursing process as a framework for client care

22
Q

responsibilities of disciplines

A

physician - certifies there is a medical problem, reviewed every 62 days
PT - maintain, prevent, restore trt
OT - educate to develop/maintain ADL
Speech - eat/swallow; speech/language
Social Worker - community resources, equipment, crisis intervention

23
Q

role of home health aide

A

personal hygiene

light housekeeping

24
Q

who supervises home health aide

A

nurse or PT; supervision req’d every 2 weeks

25
Q

quality control r/t home care

A

Documentation of nursing care demonstrating client need for services, shows multiple disciplinary approach

26
Q

who accredits home care agencies

A

JCAHO - 1988
CHAP - 1965 community health accreditation program
HCFA - health care financing admin. - oversees medicare

27
Q

regulation for home health is done at the

A

state level

28
Q

reimbursement for home health care provided by

A

medicare/medicaid

29
Q

to qualify for medicare you must be

A
65 or older
permanently disabled
under care of MD
confined to home (homebound)
in need of SKILLED service on an intermittent basis that is medically necessary
30
Q

what does medicare emphasize

A

Episodic/skilled care NOT PREVENTION

HCFA serves as the plan of care - certifies pt is home-bound, under medical care, and in need of home-care services

31
Q

future/current trends of healthcare

A

Technology
Access to Care
Pediatric/Maternal Care

32
Q

10 health achievements in the US

A
Vaccines
Safer Workplaces
Decreased CAD/Stroke Deaths
Tobacco recognized as health hazard
Healthy Mom/Baby
Motor Vehicle Safety
Family Planning
Safe/Healthy Foods
Fluoride in water
Infectious Disease Control
33
Q

5 factors impacting health care delivery and nursing practice globally, nationally and locally

A
patient vs consumer
litigious society
technology 
transportation
insurance