Comparisons

Question 1

What is the typical onset of Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia (COS)?

Answer 1

Rare, typically gradual regression after early childhood

COS typically shows a decline in functioning after initial normal development.

Question 2

What are common symptoms of Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia?

Answer 2

Hallucinations and delusions are common

These symptoms contribute significantly to the diagnosis of COS.

Question 3

What is a key feature of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) regarding social skills?

Answer 3

Social deficits from very early developmental stages

ASD impacts social interactions from a young age.

Question 4

What is a characteristic behavior of Autism Spectrum Disorder?

Answer 4

Repetitive behaviors are characteristic, core symptom

This distinguishes ASD from COS.

Question 5

What type of thought disorder is associated with Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia?

Answer 5

Clear thought disorder

This is not typically found in ASD.

Question 6

In Nightmare Disorder, how is the recall of the episode described?

Answer 6

Clear and detailed recall

This is in contrast to Sleep Terror Disorder.

Question 7

What is the arousal level during Sleep Terror Disorder?

Answer 7

Partial arousal, difficult to awaken

This differs from the full arousal seen in Nightmare Disorder.

Question 8

What is a common response after a Nightmare Disorder episode?

Answer 8

Calm after reassurance

This is different from the distress experienced in Sleep Terror Disorder.

Question 9

During which sleep stage does Nightmare Disorder typically occur?

Answer 9

REM sleep

Sleep Terror Disorder occurs during Non-REM sleep.

Question 10

What is the episode memory characteristic of Sleepwalking Disorder?

Answer 10

Little or no recall

This is a key feature that differentiates it from Nightmare Disorder.

Question 11

What type of safety risk is associated with Sleepwalking Disorder?

Answer 11

Higher safety risk (injury)

This is a concern for parents managing sleepwalking children.

Question 12

What type of elimination is involved in Enuresis?

Answer 12

Involuntary urination

This is in contrast to Encopresis, which involves fecal elimination.

Question 13

What is the required age for diagnosing Enuresis?

Answer 13

At least 5 years

Children must be older than typical toilet-training age.

Question 14

What is the frequency criterion for Encopresis?

Answer 14

Once/month for 3 months

This is necessary for diagnosis, similar to Enuresis.

Question 15

What is a common treatment for both Enuresis and Encopresis?

Answer 15

Behavioral interventions

Both conditions respond well to behavioral treatments.

Question 16

What are common reasons for alcohol initiation in adolescents?

Answer 16

Peer pressure, social acceptance

These factors often influence adolescent drinking behavior.

Question 17

How do symptoms manifest differently in adolescents versus adults with Alcohol Use Disorder?

Answer 17

Behavior problems (truancy, risky behaviors) in adolescents; more functional impairment in adults

This reflects developmental differences in coping mechanisms.

Question 18

What is the insight into the problem for adolescents with Alcohol Use Disorder?

Answer 18

Limited awareness, sense of invincibility

This contrasts with the greater awareness seen in adults.

Question 19

How does treatment initiation differ between adolescents and adults with Alcohol Use Disorder?

Answer 19

External (parents, school, legal system) for adolescents; often self-initiated for adults

This highlights differing motivations for seeking help.