Exam 4 Elimin, SUD, sleep and Schizoph Flashcards

(25 cards)

1
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for Enuresis?

A

Repeated voiding of urine into bed or clothes, at least twice a week for 3 months, chronological age at least 5 years, not due to substances or medical conditions.

Enuresis is commonly known as bedwetting.

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2
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for Encopresis?

A

Repeated passage of feces into inappropriate places, at least once per month for 3 months, chronological age at least 4 years, not attributable to substances or another medical condition.

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3
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD)?

A

Two or more symptoms within a 12-month period including:
* Alcohol used in larger amounts or over a longer period than intended
* Persistent desire or unsuccessful attempts to cut down
* Significant time spent on alcohol-related activities
* Cravings or strong urges to drink
* Recurrent use resulting in failure to fulfill obligations
* Continued use despite social problems
* Reduction of social, occupational, or recreational activities
* Recurrent use in hazardous situations
* Continued use despite physical or psychological problems
* Tolerance and withdrawal symptoms.

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4
Q

What are the severity specifiers for Alcohol Use Disorder?

A

Mild: 2–3 symptoms, Moderate: 4–5 symptoms, Severe: 6+ symptoms.

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5
Q

What are common pediatric sleep disorders?

A
  • Nightmare Disorder
  • Sleep Terror Disorder
  • Sleepwalking Disorder.
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6
Q

What is the presentation of Nightmare Disorder?

A

Frequent frightening dreams, detailed recall upon awakening, distress, and sleep disturbance.

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7
Q

What is the treatment for Nightmare Disorder?

A

Comfort, CBT (Imagery Rehearsal Therapy), reducing stress.

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8
Q

What is the presentation of Sleep Terror Disorder?

A

Abrupt awakening, screaming, panic, disorientation, no detailed recall.

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9
Q

What is the treatment for Sleep Terror Disorder?

A

Scheduled awakenings, safety measures, reducing stress.

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10
Q

What is the presentation of Sleepwalking Disorder?

A

Repeated episodes of rising and walking during sleep, difficult to awaken, amnesia of the episode.

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11
Q

What is the treatment for Sleepwalking Disorder?

A

Safety measures, scheduled awakenings, sleep hygiene.

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12
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia (COS)?

A

Must have 2 or more symptoms for at least 1 month including:
* Delusions
* Hallucinations
* Disorganized speech
* Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
* Negative symptoms.
Duration: Continuous signs for at least 6 months.

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13
Q

What are the differences in presentation between Childhood/Adolescent Schizophrenia and Adult Schizophrenia?

A
  • Onset: Rare and usually gradual in children, typical in late adolescence/adulthood
  • Hallucinations: Often auditory and simpler in children, elaborate in adults
  • Delusions: Less systematic in children, more coherent in adults
  • Cognitive/social symptoms: May resemble autism in children, less overlap in adults.
  • Prognosis: Poorer in children.
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14
Q

What are the etiological factors of Eating Disorders?

A
  • Biological predisposition (genetics, serotonin imbalance)
  • Sociocultural pressures (ideal body image)
  • Family dynamics (high expectations, criticism)
  • Psychological factors (perfectionism, low self-esteem, anxiety/depression).
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15
Q

What is the first-line treatment for Anorexia Nervosa?

A

Family-based treatment (Maudsley approach), individual psychotherapy (CBT), nutritional rehabilitation, medical monitoring.

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16
Q

What is the first-line treatment for Bulimia Nervosa?

A

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), medications (SSRIs), nutritional counseling, interpersonal psychotherapy.

17
Q

What is the treatment for Binge Eating Disorder?

A

CBT, interpersonal psychotherapy, SSRIs or Vyvanse.

18
Q

What are the key differences between Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia (COS) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?

A
  • COS: Hallucinations and delusions present, social deficits secondary to psychosis, late developmental regression, thought disorder evident.
  • ASD: No hallucinations or delusions, primary deficits in social interactions, early developmental delays, restricted repetitive behaviors/interests.
19
Q

What are the must-know points for Elimination Disorders?

A

Diagnostic criteria, ages, frequency.

20
Q

What should you focus on for Alcohol Use Disorder?

A

Diagnostic criteria, severity.

21
Q

What are the key points for Sleep Disorders?

A

Presentation, Treatment.

22
Q

What should you know about Childhood Schizophrenia?

A

Diagnostic criteria, Child vs. Adult.

23
Q

What are the must-know points for Eating Disorders?

A

Etiology, Treatment.

24
Q

What are the instructor’s recommendations for exam test-taking tips?

A
  • Expect questions differentiating disorders
  • Be clear on child/adolescent presentations vs. adults
  • Be familiar with DSM-5 criteria
  • Know core treatments discussed.
25
What are the emphasized exam content areas?
* Diagnostic Criteria for Elimination Disorders * Alcohol Use Disorder * Schizophrenia (COS) * Presentation and Treatment of Sleep Disorders * Etiology and Treatment of Eating Disorders.